Chapter 11 Deck 6 (Slides 39- Flashcards
The only cells in an organism that contain a SINGLE SET OF CHROMOSOMES and therefore a SINGLE SET OF GENES are _____
GAMETES
Gametes cells are said to be HAPLOID or _______, or N,- means “1 set” of chromosomes
MONOPLOID
the haploid number for fruit flies is N=__. (fruit fly gametes have this many chromosomes)
4
the haploid number for humans is N= __ (each sperm and egg cell has ___ (1 set of) chromosomes
23
HAPLOID CELLS (GAMETES) are produced from DIPLOID CELLS by the process of _____
Meiosis
Meosis occurs in the ____ (TESTES or OVARIES) of sexually reproducing organisms
Gonads
MEIOSIS is the process by which the CHROMOSOME NUMBER per cell is ___ _ ____ through the SEPARATION of HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES (chromosome pairs)
This is often called ______ DIVISION
cut in half
Reduction
Reduction Division Involves 2 distinct cell divisions (MEIOSIS __ and MEIOSIS __ )
1 and 2
Meiosis _ separates the chromosome pairs
I
____ formation – occurs during Prophase I
Tetrad
CROSSING-OVER may occur, which increases GENETIC ____
Variation
Meiosis __ (just like Mitosis – separates sister chromatids)
II (2)
GAMETE FORMATION is called _____ (Meiosis in humans)
GAMETOGENESIS
Gamete formation that occurs in the TESTES is called _____
SPERMATOGENESIS
SPERMATOGENESIS is a process that continues throughout males’ lifetime _____
continually
____ is gamete formation that occurs in the OVARIES.
OOGENESIS
True or False: A female is born with all the eggs she will produce in a lifetime
True.
females form specialized diploid (2N) cells in their ____
ovaries
starting at PUBERTY, ONCE A MONTH one of these specialized diploid cells undergoes meiosis to form __ EGG CELL
one
_____ ______: genes for traits that are inherited together must be on the same chromosome, which causes them to be inherited together
Linked Genes
Morgan hypothesized that genes that were FURTHER AWAY from each other on the chromosome would cross over _____
Genes that were CLOSER to each other genes would cross-over ____
More
Less
