Chapter 11 Deck 2 (Slides 6-11) Flashcards
The offspring of crosses between the parents with different traits are called ______
Hybrids
Mendel concluded that Biological inheritance is determined by _______s that are passed from one generation to the next
FACTORs
FACTORS that carry traits from parents to offspring are called ______s
GENEs
Each trait Mendel studied was controlled by a gene that occurred in 2 _____ forms:
For example:
seed shape gene: round form and wrinkled form
seed color gene à yellow form and green form
contrasting
the different forms of the same gene are called:
Alleles
Each trait is controlled by a pair of genes (a _____ ______)
Gene Pair
one gene is contributed by the _____ parent and one gene is contributed by the ______ parent
Male (father)
Female (mother)
Mendel’s PRINCIPLE OF DOMINANCE states that some alleles for a gene are ______ and others are ______
Dominant
Recessive
An organism with a (DOMINANT/RECESSIVE-pick one) ALLELE for a particular trait will always exhibit that form of the trait
Dominant
The Tall Gene is _____ over the short gene in pea plants (if 1 short gene and 1 tall gene are combined the plants will always be tall)
Dominant
An organism with a RECESSIVE ALLELE for a particular trait will exhibit that form ONLY when the _____ allele is not present
dominant
____ is a recessive gene for pea plants
Short
The F1 generation was created when Mendel cross-pollinated tall and short pea plants. Mendel wondered if the recessive “short” alleles were still ___ in the F1 plants
present
When Mendel cross-pollinated the F1 plants to create F2 plants, the trait controlled by the recessive allele (“short”) showed up in ____ of the F2 plants
1/4
The reappearance of short plants indicated that at some point the allele for shortness had been separated from the allele for tallness.
This separation of gene pairs is called __________
Segregation
