Chapter 11: Bureaucracies

Question 1

Bureaucracy

Answer 1

An organization that exists to accomplice certain goals or objectives called public purposes and that consists of a group of people hired and arranged in a hierarchy because of specific duties they can perform.

Question 2

Public Purpose

Answer 2

A goal or objective of a bureaucracy.

Question 3

Bureaucrat

Answer 3

Individual working in the executive branch of government who have received their positions on the basis of some type of appointment.

Question 4

Fourth Branch

Answer 4

Viewed as separate from the presidency, the collection of executive departments, independent establishments, and government corporations.

Question 5

President’s Cabinet

Answer 5

political institution comprised mainly of executive department heads that collectively serve as a source of advice for the president.

Question 6

Independent Agency

Answer 6

A type of bureaucratic unit organizationally located outside of an executive department and generally headed by a single individual.

Question 7

Independent regulatory commission

Answer 7

A type of bureaucratic unit organizationally located outside of an executive department, headed by a group of individuals called a commission, and charged with regulating a specific industry or economic practice.

Question 8

Government Corporation

Answer 8

A type of bureaucratic unit that offers some service for which the benefiting individual or institution most pay directly.

Question 9

Spoils System

Answer 9

The practice of making appointments to government jobs on the basis of party loyalty and support in election campaigns.

Question 10

Pendleton Act

Answer 10

legislation passed in 1883 that created a Civil Service Commission charged with the task of using merit, rather than partisan political connections, as a condition of government employment.

Question 11

Hatch Act

Answer 11

Legislation that prohibits civil servants from participating in partisan political activity.

Question 12

Civil Service Reform Act of 1978

Answer 12

Legislation designed to improve the level of performance of civil servants by creating incentives for high-quality work, protecting whistle-blowers, and making it easier to fire inadequate employees.

Question 13

Senior Executive Service (SES)

Answer 13

created by the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978, a class of civil servants drawn from the highest grades and who might be given bonuses, transferred among on the quality of their work.

Question 14

Office of Personnel Management (OPM)

Answer 14

Created in 1981 as part of the executive office of the President, this department focuses on the formulation coordination, and implementation of domestic and ecumenic policy, and provides staff support from the economic and domestic policy councils.

Question 15

Merit System Protection Board

Answer 15

An agency charged with protecting individual employees against violations of the merit principle or actions taken against whistle-blowers.

Question 16

Legislative veto

Answer 16

Congressional power, which the Supreme Court ruled unconstitutional in 1983, to halt an executive initiative by a vote of one or both houses or by a congressional committee.

Question 17

Iron Triangle

Answer 17

The combination of interest group representatives, legislators, and government administrators seen as extremely influential in determining the outcome of political decisions.

Question 18

Regulations

Answer 18

Rules devised by government agencies that shape the actions of individuals and groups in order to achieve purposes mandated by law.

Question 19

Economic Regulations

Answer 19

Type of regulations in which a government agency issues rules that shape the structures of some industry, such as limiting entrance into the broadcast industry, such as limiting entrance into the broadcast industry, or banning or encouraging certain business practices.

Question 20

Social Regulations

Answer 20

Type of regulation in which a government agency issues rules designed to achieve noneconomic policy goals, such as fair treatment in employment, clean air, or safe workplace.

Question 21

Quasi-legislative

Answer 21

A function of regularity agencies in which they can make rules that, like legislation, apply to whole classes of people.

Question 22

Quasi-judicial

Answer 22

A function of regulatory agencies in which, like a court, they can make decisions in individual cases.

Question 23

Administrative law judge

Answer 23

An officer with relatively independent status in a regulatory agency who presides over and make findings in judicial proceedings in which the agency’s actions in individual cases are at issue.

Question 24

Slip Law

Answer 24

The written theist of an act of congress.

Question 25

U.S. Statutes-at-Large

Answer 25

Compilation of laws currently in effect classified by subject matter, such as transportation or labor.

Question 26

Federal Register

Answer 26

A daily government publication that contains proposed and final regulations, presidential proclamations, and executive orders.

Question 27

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)

Answer 27

Compilation of U.S. administrative rules currently in effect, classified by agency and subject matter.

Question 28

Deregulations

Answer 28

Process of reducing the number and scope of government regulations.

Question 29

Red Tape

Answer 29

Bureaucratic rules and procedures that seem to complicate and delay needed actions unnecessarily.

Question 30

U.S. Code

Answer 30

Compilation of laws currently in effect, classified bey subject matter such as transparent or labor.