CHAPTER 11- AIRWAY MANAGEMENT Flashcards
WHAT IS THE PROCESS OF DIFFUSION?
WHEN MOLECULES MOVE FROM AN AREA OF HIGH CONCENTRATION TO LOW CONCENTRATION
STRUCTURES THAT HELP US BREATH?
DIAPHRAGM
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES (MUSCLES BETWEEN THE RIBS)
NERVES FROM BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
WHAT DOES THE UPPER AIRWAY CONSIST OF? AND WHAT ARE ITS MAJOR FUNCTIONS?
ALL ANATOMIC AIRWAY STRUCTURES ABOVE THE VOCAL CORDS.
NOSE, MOUTH, JAW, ORAL CAVITY, PHARYNX, AND LARYNX.
MAJOR FUNCTIONS ARE TO WARM, FILTER, AND HUMIDIFY AIR AS IT ENTERS THE BODY.
WHAT DOES THE PHARYNX CONSIST OF?
ORDER FROM TOP TO BOTTOM.
NASOPHARYNX
OROPHARYNX
LARYNGOPHARYNX (LOWEST PART BRANCHES INTO 2 LUMES, TRACHEA AND ESOPHAGUS)
NASOPHARYNX
LINED WITH A MUCOUS MEMBRANE TO WARM AND HUMIDIFY AIR
OROPHARYNX
WHERE THE EPIGLOTTIS IS FOUND, MAIN FUNCTION IS TO PREVENT FOOD AND WATER FROM ENTERING THE TRACHEA.
LARYNX
COMPLEX STRUCTURE FORMED BY MANY INDEPENDENT STRUCTURES.
THYROID CARTILAGE (ADAMS APPLE)
CRICOID CARTILAGE-FIRST RING OF TRACHEA
GLOTTIS- SPACE BETWEEN VOCAL CORDS AND NARROWEST PORTION OF AIRWAY
VOCAL CORDS
2 TYPES OF PLEURA’S AND WHAT EACH ENCOMPASS
VISCERAL PLUERA- COVERS THE OUTER SURFACE OF THE LUNGS
PARIETAL PLEURA-LINES THE INSIDE OF THE THORACIC CAVITY
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VENTILATION, OXYGENATION, AND RESPIRATION?
VENTILATION- THE PHYSICAL ACT OF MOVING AIR INTO AND OUT OF THE LUNGS.
OXYGENATION- THE PROCESS OF LOADING OXYGEN MOLECULES ONTO HEMOGLOBIN MOLECULES.
RESPIRATION- THE ACTUAL EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE ALVEOLI AND TISSUES.
TIDAL VOLUME
THE AMOUNT OF AIR (IN ML) THAT IS MOVED IN OR OUT DURING A SINGLE BREATH.
RESIDUAL VOLUME
THE AIR THAT REMAINS IN THE LUNGS AFTER MAXIMAL EXHALATION.
ALVEOLAR VENTILATION
THE VOLUME OF AIR THAT REACHES THE ALVEOLI. CAN BE CALCULATED BY TIDAL VOLUME-DEAD SPACE.
MINUTE VOLUME
THE AMOUNT OF AIR MOVED IN A SINGLE MINUTE.
TIDAL VOLUME X RESPIRATORY RATE
ALVEOLAR MINUTE VOLUME
THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT REACHES THE ALVEOLI IN A SINGLE MINUTE MINUS THE DEAD SPACE.
TIDAL VOLUME(MINUS DEAD SPACE)X RESPIRATOTY RATE
VITAL CAPACITY
THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT CAN BE FORCIBLY EXPELLED FROM THE LUNGS AFTER BREATHING IN AS DEEPLY AS POSSIBLE.
DEAD SPACE
PORTION OF THE TIDAL VOLUME THAT DOES NOT REACH THE ALVEOLI