Chapter 11 - Aggression

Question 1

Catharsis

Answer 1

The notion that “blowing off steam”—by performing an aggressive act, watching others engage in aggressive behaviour, or engaging in a fantasy of aggression—relieves built-up aggressive energies and hence reduces the likelihood of further aggressive behaviour

Question 2

Testosterone

Answer 2

A male sex hormone associated with aggression

Question 3

Instrumental aggression

Answer 3

Aggression as a means to some goal other than causing pain

Question 4

Aggression

Answer 4

Intentional behaviour aimed at causing either physical or psychological pain

Question 5

Aggressive stimulus

Answer 5

An object associated with aggressive responses (e.g., a gun) whose mere presence can increase the probability of aggression

Question 6

Relative deprivation

Answer 6

The perception that you have less than you deserve, less than what you have been led to expect, or less than what people similar to you have

Question 7

Social learning theory

Answer 7

The theory that we learn social behaviour (e.g., aggression) by observing others and imitating them

Question 8

Frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 8

The theory that frustration—the perception that you are being prevented from obtaining a goal—will increase the probability of an aggressive response

Question 9

Hostile aggression

Answer 9

An act of aggression stemming from feelings of anger and aimed at inflicting pain or injury