Chapter 11: Aggression

Question 1

aggression

Answer 1

positive reingofintent to harm. instrumental (proactive) or emotional (reactive)

Question 2

instrumental (proactive) aggression

Answer 2

harm = instrument to get particular outcome. goal Is not to harm

Question 3

emotional (reactive) aggression

Answer 3

harm for its own sake

Question 4

direct aggression

Answer 4

overt violence, verbal insults

Question 5

indirect aggression

Answer 5

relational (ex.: rumours, social exclusion)

Question 6

emotional suceptibility

Answer 6

tendency feel distressed, inadequate, vulnerable to perceived threats

Question 7

type A personality

Answer 7

tendency be driven by feelings of inadequacy to try and prove oneself through personal accomplishments

Question 8

dark triad of aggressivity

Answer 8

machiavellianism, psychopathy, narcissism

Question 9

executive functioning

Answer 9

cognitive abilities + processes allowing humans to plan/inhibit actions

Question 10

culture of honour

Answer 10

culture where men = + power, toughness, ability to protect one’s property

Question 11

frustration-aggression hypothesis

Answer 11

idea that 1) frustration always elicits motive to aggress and 2) all aggression is caused by frustration

Question 12

negative affect

Answer 12

frustration -> negative feelings -> aggression

Question 13

weapons effect

Answer 13

tendency likelihood of aggression increase by mere presence of weapons

Question 14

higher order cognition

Answer 14

think about consequences before acting

Question 15

hostile attribution bias

Answer 15

tendency perceive hostile intent in others

Question 16

I^3 theory

Answer 16

instigation, impellance, inhibition

Question 17

confluence model of sexual aggression

Answer 17

for individuals who score high on multiple known risk factors of sexual aggression, porn adds fuel to the risk of sexual aggression

Question 18

positive reinforcement

Answer 18

reinforcing by adding something

Question 19

negative reinforcement

Answer 19

reinforcing by removing something

Question 20

social learning theory

Answer 20

related to bobo doll

Question 21

cultivation

Answer 21

process by which mass media (particularly television) constructs a version fo social reality for public

Question 22

cognitive reappraisal

Answer 22

react in more neutral ways by thinking objectively

Question 23

cognitive control

Answer 23

regulation of emotion

Question 24

mindfulness

Answer 24

nonjudgmental/nonreactive state fostering acceptance

Question 25

machismo

Answer 25

ideology that men can solve problems with violence. within the culture of honour

Question 26

displacement

Answer 26

aggressing against substitute target

Question 27

catharsis

Answer 27

reduction of motive to aggress that is said to result from imagined/observed act of aggression