Chapter 11

Question 1

Trust vs Reliance

Answer 1

Expectation that you can rely on or count on someone/something, reliance is the behavior of allowing someone/something to do what it should be

Question 2

Automation Assumptions

Answer 2

1. Automation is more predictable/reliable
2. Automation is superior
3. Automation is simple

Question 3

Out of the Loop Errors (Detection)

Answer 3

the more reliable the automation, the rarer the ‘signal events’ become, the poorer is their detection

Question 4

Out of the Loop Errors (Situation Awareness)

Answer 4

perception while controlling is very different from perception while monitoring

Question 5

Out of the Loop Errors (Skill Loss)

Answer 5

the gradual loss of skills an operator may experience by virtue of not being an active perceiver

Question 6

Skill Loss Implications

Answer 6

may make the operator less self-confident in their own performance, may further degrade the operator’s ability to intervene appropriately should the system fail

Question 7

Automation Metaphors

Answer 7

A metaphor is the relationship between objects and events in a software system and those in a non-computer domain (physical folders vs laptop folders)

Question 8

Skeurmorphs

Answer 8

features of the physical implementation that are retained in the software implementation (stitching and leather on iPhone app)

Question 9

Sender’s 3 Types of Complexity

Answer 9

User complexity, engineer complexity, technician complexity

Question 10

Engineer vs Technician complexity

Answer 10

As technician-complexity diminishes, engineer-complexity increases