Chapter 11

Question 1

Organic compound

Answer 1

Compound whose molecular weight is mainly carbon

Question 2

Uses of d’organdi compounds in industries (6)

Answer 2

Detergents 
Cosmetics 
Plastics 
Pharmaceuticals 
Pigments 
Agriculture

Question 3

Saturated

Answer 3

Contains only carbon - carbon single bonds

Question 4

Unsaturated

Answer 4

Contains at least 1 carbon - carbon double or triple bond

Question 5

Homologous series

Answer 5

Family of organic compounds whose successive members have similar chemical and structural properties, the same functional group and differ by CH2

Question 6

Functional groups

Answer 6

Atoms or group of atoms that are bonded to organic compounds and give the compound specific chemical properties

Question 7

Aliphatic

Answer 7

Carbon atoms bonded together in a straight or branched chains
No benzene ring

Question 8

Alicyclic

Answer 8

Carbon atoms bonded together in a cyclical ring

No benzene ring

Question 9

Aromatic

Answer 9

Some/all carbon atoms can be found in a benzene ring

Question 10

Functional groups suffix

Alcohol 
Aldehyde (COH)
Ketone (COC)
Carboxyl acid (COOH)
Amine (NH2)

Answer 10

Ol 
Al 
One 
Oic acid 
Amine

Question 11

Functional groups (prefix)

Alcohol 
Haloalkane 
Alkyl
Ketone 
Amine

Answer 11

Hydroxy
Chloro, bromo, iodo
Methyl 
Keto
Amino

Question 12

Molecular formula

Answer 12

Shows number and type of atoms present in a molecule

Question 13

Empirical formula

Answer 13

Smallest whole ration of atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 14

General formula

Answer 14

Simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series

Question 15

Displayed formula

Answer 15

Shows the relative positioning of atoms and bonds between them

Question 16

Structural formula

Answer 16

Shows the arrangement of atoms and which atoms are bonded to which

Question 17

Skeletal formula

Answer 17

A simplified organic formula that shows the carbon skeleton and functional group only

Question 18

Structural isomers

Answer 18

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae

Question 19

Stiochoimetry

Answer 19

Grams / mr

/ lowest number

Question 20

Homolytic fission

Answer 20

Bond breaks

Both atoms leave with 1 of the shared pair of electrons

Question 21

Radicals

Answer 21

Atoms with an unpaired electron

Question 22

Électrophile

Nucleophile

Answer 22

Atoms that accept an electron pair to make covalent bonds

Donate electron pair

Question 23

Heyerolytic fission

Answer 23

Bond breaks
1 atom leaves with both electrons from the shared pair
Leaving an anion and cation

Question 24

Reaction mechanism

Answer 24

Step by step sequence of reactions leading to an overall chemical change and equation

Question 25

What do curly arrows show

Answer 25

Movement of electrons
Where bonds break
Where bonds are made

Question 26

Addition réactions

Answer 26

2 reactants join to make 1 product

Question 27

Substitution

Answer 27

Atom/group are replaced by a different atom/group

Question 28

Elimination

Answer 28

Small molecule is removed from larger molecule = 2 products