Chapter 11

Question 1

Foreign Body Reaction

Answer 1

Granulation tissue is part of the foreign body reaction
Foreign body giant cells (FBGCs): multinucleated cells formed by fusion of monocytes/macrophages in an attempt to phagocytose the biomaterial (much larger than a single cell)
Composition of foreign body reaction depends on surface properties of the biomaterial
Roughness
Surface chemistry
Shape (surface area to volume ratio)
High surface-volume ratio → higher ratio of macrophages, FBGCs
Low surface-volume ratio → more fibrous (granulation) tissue

Question 2

Thickness of capsule depends on:

Answer 2

1. Amount and composition of small particulates produced
2. Mechanical factors at implant site
3. Shape of implant
4. Electrical currents (if applicable)

Question 3

Four types of resolution

Answer 3

Extrusion, resorption, integration, encapsulation

Question 4

In Vivo Assays for Immune Response

Answer 4

Histology, electron microscopy, biochemical assays, mechanical testing

Question 5

Biological responses elicited by:

Answer 5

Interaction of biological molecules with implant
Interactions of biological molecules with soluble agents leached from implant
Interactions of biological molecules with insoluble particulates (e.g., from degradation)
Alterations in load/strain in area around implant