Chapter 11 Flashcards
Freud believed that we may block painful or unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or memories from consciousness through an unconscious process called
Repression
According to Freud’s view of personality structure, the executive system, the _______, seeks to gratify the impulses of the ____ in more acceptable ways
Ego; ID
Freud proposed that the development of the voice of conscience is related to the _____, which internalizes ideals and provides standards for judgements.
Superego
According to the psychoanalytical view of development, we all pass through a series of psychosexual stages. Conflicts unresolved at any of these stages may lead to
Fixation at that stage
Freud believed that defense mechanisms are unconscious attempts to distort reality, all in effort to reduce our _____
Anxiety
_______ tests ask test takers to respond to an ambiguous stimulus, example, by describing it or telling a story about it
Projective
In general, neo_freudians such as alder accepted many of freuds views but placed more emphasis than he did on
Social interactions
Modern day psychodynamic theorists and therapists agree w freud about
The existence of unconscious mental processes
Which of the following is not part of the contemporary view of the unconscious
Repressed memories of anxiety provoking events
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs proposes that we must satisfy basic physiological and safety needs before we seek ultimate psychological needs, such as self actualization. Maslow based his ideas on
His study of healthy creative people
The total acceptance Roger’s advocated as a part of growth promoting environment is called _______ _________ _____
Unconditional positive regard
The _____ theory of personality focuses on describing characteristic behavior patterns, such as agreeableness or extroversion
Trait
One famous personality inventory is the
MMPI
Which of the following is not one of the big five personality factors?
Anxiety
Our scores on personality test best predict
Our average behavior across many situations
The social – cognitive perspective proposes our personality is shaped by a process called reciprocal determinism as personal factors, environmental factors, and behaviors interact. In example of an environmental factor is
The presence of books in a home
Critics say that ____-_____ personality theory is a very sensitive to an individual’s interactions with particular situations, but that it gives you a little attention to the persons in enduring trait
Social-cognitive
Researchers have found that low self-esteem tends to be linked with life problems. How would this link be interpreted?
The answer isn’t clear because the link is correlational and does not indicate cause-and-effect
Individualist cultures tend to value _____; collectivist cultures tend to value _____.
Independence, interdependence
