Chapter 11

Question 0

Cancer

Answer 0

The uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells

Question 1

Sarcoma

Answer 1

Cancer that develops from soft tissue

Question 2

Metastasis

Answer 2

The spread of cancer from one organ to another

Question 3

Benign

Answer 3

Harmless

Question 4

Malignant

Answer 4

Harmful, life-threatening

Question 5

Tumor

Answer 5

An abnormal mass of tissue as a result of abnormal growth or division of cells

Question 6

Stem cells

Answer 6

Undifferentiated cells that can become specialized cells and divide to produce more stem cells

Question 7

Intron

Answer 7

Nucleotide sequence that is removed by RNA splicing

Question 8

Exons

Answer 8

Nucleotide sequence that remains in the final RNA product after the introns have been removed

Question 9

Zygote

Answer 9

Fertilized egg cell

Question 10

Human genome

Answer 10

Complete set of genetic information in humans

Question 11

Gene expression

Answer 11

Information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a protein

Question 12

Lymphoma

Answer 12

Cancer that starts in immune system cells

Question 13

Carcinoma

Answer 13

A cancer that begins in a tissue which lines the inner/outer surfaces of the body

Question 14

Mutagens

Answer 14

Physical or chemical agents that change genetic material and increase the frequency of mutations

Question 15

Carcinogen

Answer 15

A substance directly involved in causing cancer

Question 16

Genome

Answer 16

The entirety of an organisms hereditary information

Question 17

Tumor suppressor gene

Answer 17

Prevents the cell from the next step of cancer

Question 18

Structural genes

Answer 18

Genes that code for particular polypeptides

Question 19

Promoter

Answer 19

A DNA segment that recognizes the enzyme RNA polymerase and promotes transcription

Question 20

Operator

Answer 20

A DNA segment that serves as a binding site for an inhibitory protein that blocks transcription and prevents protein synthesis