Chapter 11 Flashcards
evolution within a population
microevolution
the percentage or fraction of a population that has a specific allele
allele frequency
occurs when an event drastically reduces population size
bottleneck effect
occurs after a small number of individuals colonize a new area
founder effect
members of different populations cannot mate successfully
reproductive isolation
includes differences courtship or mating behavior
behavioral isolation
Physical barriers divide population
Geographical isolation
timing of reproductive periods prevent mating.
temporal isolation
favors phenotypes at one extreme.
directional selection
favors the intermediate phenotype
stabilizing selection
favors both extreme phenotypes
disruptive selection
evolution towards different traits
divergent evolution
evolution towards similar traits
convergent evolution
species evolution in response to changes in each other
coevolution
occur suddenly in geologic time followed by periods of revolutionary change
punctuated equilibrium
occur continuously at a very low rate
background extinction
caused by catastrophic events
mass extinction
ancestral species diversities into many descendant species
adaptive radiation
