chapter 11

Question 1

Implementation

Answer 1

the process of applying policies and putting them into practice

1. Legal implementation –> This is the phase in which European legislation is made ready for putting into actual practice. It consists of two elements:
   - Making EU legislation operational via implementation decisions.
   - Transposition of EU legislation into national legislation.
2. Practical implementation –> This is the phase where legislation is actually applied and enforced. While most of this is done by the member states, some policies are directly implemented at the EU level by the Commission and the ECB.
3. Monitoring implementation –> this is the phase where the Commission, courts and others verify whether the legislation is correctly applied.

Question 2

Implementation decisions

Answer 2

acts that are adopted by the Commission to put legislation into practice.

Question 3

Delegated acts

Answer 3

Acts adopted by the Commission to modify specific details of Directives and
Regulations, as long as they do not change the essence of the legislation.

Question 4

Implementing acts

Answer 4

Acts that the Commission adopts in order to make sure the member states
implement legislation in a uniform fashion

Question 5

Agencies

Answer 5

administrative organizations set up by the EU that provide technical expertise in different policy areas and assist in coordinating, implementing and monitoring policies.

4 groups:
1. foster ‘social dialogue’
2. observation enters –> gather information
3. suppliers –> providing specific services
4. regulatory agencies –> closely involved in both the legal and practical implementation of the EU