Chapter 11 Flashcards
Ground Water
the water lies beneath the ground surface filling pores in sediments and sedimentary rocks and fractures in other rock types
.6 of the hydrosphere (45 times of lakes and rivers combined
Permeability
Capacity of a rock to transmit a fluid
Porosity
the percentage of a rocks volume that is taken up by openings
Saturated zone
The subsurface zone in which all rock openings filled with water
Water Table
The upper surface of the saturated zone
unsaturated zone (aeration zone)
The zone above water rable partly with air and partly with water
Capillary fringe:
The trancistion zone <1m thick with high moisture just above the water table
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Aquifers
A body of saturated rock or sediment through which water can move easily
Unconfined aquifer
seperated from surface by relatively impermeable bed (aquitard)
recharge
The addition of new water to the saturated zone
drawdown
local lowering of water table
cone of depression
drawdown around a well into depression shape like an inverted cone
artesian well
water rises in wells above the top of the aquifer
gaining streams
receive water from the saturated zone
losing streams
losing water to the saturated zone
