Chapter 11

Question 1

Smooth muscle, connective tissue, and cartilage
of primary bronchi are derived from
which one of the following sources?
(A) Neuroectoderm
(B) Endoderm
(C) Ectoderm
(D) Visceral mesoderm
(E) Mesoderm of pharyngeal arches 4 and 6

Answer 1

D. The epithelium of primary bronchi is derived from endoderm; the other components are
derived from visceral mesoderm.

Question 2

Pulmonary hypoplasia is commonly associated
with which condition?
(A) Hyaline membrane disease
(B) Diaphragmatic hernia
(C) Tracheoesophageal fistula
(D) Congenital bronchial cysts
(E) Congenital neonatal emphysema

Answer 2

B. During normal development, a space is provided for the prolific growth of the bronchial buds in a lateral and caudal direction. This space, which is part of the intraembryonic coelom, is called the primitive pleural cavity. If this space is reduced by herniation of abdominal viscera, lung development will be severely compromised.