Chapter 11

Question 1

Independent self

Answer 1

I, my positive qualities vs. my negative qualities

Question 2

Interdependent self

Answer 2

We, maintaining harmony as key to self-esteem

Question 3

Facework

Answer 3

Communication strategies used to save face

Question 4

Face orientations

Answer 4

1. Self-Face Concern: Individual face
2. Other Face Concern
3. Mutual Face Concern: Collective face &
   harmony

Question 5

Self-construal

Answer 5

The idea of construction of sense of self, whether you’re constructing it from a more independent angle of
Individual-level analyses - personality attributes and tendencies.

Question 6

Negotiation Theory

Answer 6

1. People in all cultures try to maintain face in all communication situations.
2. face concerns influence how we manage conflict

Question 7

Conflict as opportunity

Answer 7

working through conflicts constructively results in stronger, healthier, and more satisfying relationships

Question 8

conflict as destruction

Answer 8

-ultimately unproductive for relationships
-avoids conflict and sometimes seek intervention form a third party

Question 9

Direct approach

Answer 9

-precise and specific language
“Say what you mean and mean what you say”

Question 10

Indirect approach

Answer 10

-Vague and nonspecific language
“It is good to know the truth, but it is better to talk about the palm trees”

Question 11

Emotionally-expressive approach

Answer 11

-Overly display of one’s feelings
“What’s nearest to the heart is nearest to the mouth”

Question 12

Restraint approach

Answer 12

-Control and internalize one’s feeling during conflict
“The first one to raise their voice loses the argument”

Question 13

Discussion style

Answer 13

-combines the direct and emotional restrained approaches to conflict.
-People who use this style are comfortable expressing disagreements directly but prefer to be emotionally restrained.

Question 14

Engagement style

Answer 14

-combines the direct and emotional expressive approaches to conflict.
-This style views intense verbal and nonverbal expression of emotion as demonstrating sincerity and willingness to engage intensely to resolve conflict.

Question 15

Accommodating style

Answer 15

-combines the indirect and emotional restrained manner.
-People who use this style may be ambiguous and indirect in expressing their views, thinking that this is a way to ensure that the conflict “doesn’t get out of control.”

Question 16

Dynamic style

Answer 16

-combines the indirect and emotional expressive approaches to conflict.
-They are comfortable with more emotionally confrontational talk and view credibility of the other person grounded in their degree of emotional expressiveness.