Chapter 11-12 Flashcards
Compare the nature of racial discrimination against Mexicans, Chinese, Indians, and blacks during the 1850s and 1860s. What specific forms did this discrimination take, which began with discrimination against Hispanic Californios?
a
How might one best characterize the Mexican land-title system in California? What did the Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty state regarding land belonging to Mexicans in California?
…
It was to be “inviolably respected.”
What was the ruling in the case of People V. Hall?
The court testimony of Chinese was declared to be not valid.
How did the U.S. Senate respond to the 18 Indian treaties of the early 1850s?
They were rejected as too generous.
When and how did African Americans in California acquire the right to vote?
They got it via the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution. WHEN???
Identify Squatters’ Riot of 1850, Ishi, Capt. Jack, Biddy Mason, & Edward Beale
A riot on John Sutter’s land that brought several deaths. 49ers settled on what looked like vacant land.
Ishi was the last of the Yahi tribe of Indians, joined “civilized” society, proved theories about superiority of races wrong.
Modoc resistance leader. One of the few effective Indian resistance movements.
Biddy Mason - case study in success, even during a trying time for African-Americans. Born a slave, brought to CA in 1851 by Robert Smith, a Mormon. Biddy got help from LA Sheriff and Judge to gain freedom 1856. Worked as mid-wife & nurse in LA. 1866 purchased 1st house & land (in LA!) with $250. With money from many land deals, found 1st African-American Church in LA, ran prison ministry, helped orphans, etc. Biddy’s slogan: “The open hand is blessed, for it gives in abundance even as it receives.”
Ft. Tejon experiment. 70,000 acres of land for Indians. Used camels (ships of the desert) from Turkey and Egypt.
Briefly characterize the works of the following writers of early American California: Dame Shirley, Bret Harte, Mark Twain, and Joaquin Miller.
a
