chapter 11 Flashcards
Homologous series
A group of molecules with the same functional group and similar chemical properties but a different number of - CH2 groups
Functional group
An atom responsible for the typical chemical reactions of a molecule
Saturated
Contains no carbon- carbon double bonds
Unsaturated
Contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond
What is this: ch3ch2ch2ch3
Butane
What is this: ch3ch2ch3
Propane
Aliphatic
Carbon atoms joined together in branched or un branched chains (NOT RINGS)
Alicyclic
Carbon atoms joined in ring structure, with or without branches
Aromatic
Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in benzene rings
Alkanes
Containing a singlecarbon-carbon bond
Alkenes
Contains a double carbon-carbon bond
Homolytic fission
Each atom of the bond keeps an electron each resulting in species called free radicals which are chemical species with an unpaired electron
Free radical
Important intermediates as the bond breaks to give two similar species each keeping an electron
Properties of homolytic fission
- One of the two shared electrons goes to each atom e.g HCL
- no overall charge
- dot represents unpaired electron
- highly reactive
Heterolytic fission
One atom carries a negative charge after bond breaking indicating that it has both electrons of the bond and the other has no electron at all.electrons aren’t divided equally after bond breaking
