Chapter 106- The Justice System

Question 1

Crimes

Answer 1

Actions that violate laws defining which socially harmful behaviors will be subject to the government’s power to impose punishments.

Question 2

Mala in se

Answer 2

Offenses that are wrong by their very nature;

Rape, theft, murder, etc…

Question 3

Mala prohibita

Answer 3

Offenses prohibited by law but not necessarily wrong in themselves.

Question 4

What are the three goals of the criminal justice system?

Answer 4

1: Doing Justice
2: Controlling crime
3: Preventing crime

Question 5

What is doing justice?

Answer 5

Doing justice concerns fairness and equity in the treatment of people who are drawn into the criminal justice system

Question 6

What are the three principals in doing justice?

Answer 6

1: Offenders will be held fully accountable for their actions
2: The rights of persons who have contact with the system will be protected
3: Like offenses will be treated alike, and officials will take into account the relevant differences among offenders and offenses

Question 7

What is the criminal justice system designed to do?

Answer 7

Control crime by arresting, prosecuting, convicting, and punishing those who disobey the law.,

Question 8

What are evidence-based practices?

Answer 8

Practices that have been proven effective in research studies.

Question 9

What is Federalism?

Answer 9

A type of government where powers are divided between a central Government and regional(State) governments

Question 10

Describe the division of power in a federation when it comes to the Criminal Justice system.

Answer 10

Most of the power is given directly to state and local governments with some powers reserved for the federal government.

Question 11

What powers do the state governments specifically have?

Answer 11

The state CRJ systems handle violations of the state laws.`

Question 12

Describe the powers that the Federal CRJ system have

Answer 12

The federal CRJ system handles the violations of federal laws

Question 13

Resource dependence

Answer 13

The Criminal Justice system has to rely on taxpayer funds meaning that it has limited resources to work with

Question 14

What is the goal of the criminal justice System?

Answer 14

1: Keep the peace
2: Combat crime
3: Prevent crime
4: Provide information
5: Direct traffic
6: Provide medical aid

Question 15

What are the goals of the courts?

Answer 15

The courts are responsible for Adjudication, following procedures to ensure defendants are treated fairly, and sentencing

Question 16

Define Adjudication

Answer 16

Determining whether or not (a) defendant is guilty

Question 17

What are the two parts of the courts

Answer 17

Federal and State (each state has it’s own varied court system)

Question 18

Felonies

Answer 18

Serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration or more than one year

Question 19

Misdemeanors

Answer 19

Offenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by incarceration for no more than one year

Question 20

Describe the crime control model

Answer 20

Assumes the freedom for the public to live without fear is so important that every effort must be made to repress crime; it emphasizes efficiency, speed, finality more, and the capacity to apprehend, try, convict, and dispose of a high proportion of offenders

Question 21

Felonies

Answer 21

Serious crimes usually carrying a penalty of death or of incarceration for more than one year

Question 22

Which amendment guarantees the right to a quick and speedy trial by an impartial jury?

Answer 22

The sixth ammendment

Question 23

arrest

Answer 23

The physical taking of a person into custody on the grounds that he/she has committed a criminal offense.

Question 24

Warrant

Answer 24

A court order authorizing police officers to take certain actions.

Question 25

Information

Answer 25

A document returned by a grand jury as a “true bill” charging an individual with a specific crime on the basis of a determination of probable cause as presented by a prosecuting attorney

Question 26

Misdemeanors

Answer 26

Offenses less serious than felonies and usually punishable by incarceration of no more than one year in jail, or by probation or intermediate sanctions

Question 27

Due process model

Answer 27

A model of the criminal justice system that assumes freedom for the individuals who are wrongly accused and risk unjust punishment is so important that every effort must be made in to ensure that criminal justice decisions are based on reliable information; it emphasizes the adversarial process, the rights of defendants, and formal decision making procedures

Question 28

Disparity

Answer 28

A difference between groups that may be explained either by legitimate factors or by discrimination

Question 29

Discrimination

Answer 29

Differential treatment of individuals or groups based on race, gender, sexual orientation, or economic status, instead of their behavior or qualifications