Chapter 10.1

Question 1

What is a gender versus social role?

Answer 1

A gender role is the expected or prescribed role in society for a particular gender
A social role is the expected guidelines for how a person should behave in society

Question 2

What are instrumental versus expressive traits ?

Answer 2

Instrumental: personality characteristics that reflect active involvement in the environment stereotypically associated with men
Expressive: personality characteristics that reflect emotional functioning and are stereotypically associated with women

Question 3

What are the three main influences on gender identity?

Answer 3

1. Social influences
2. Cognitive theories
3. Biological influences

Question 4

What are the 4 main components of the cognitive theories on gender?

Answer 4

1. Gender labelling
2. Gender stability
3. Gender consistency
4. Gender constancy

Question 5

Describe self-esteem and Erikson’s theories in regards to this concept

Answer 5

Self-esteem is ones thoughts and beliefs about themself. According to Erikson as the child begins to interact with others they acquire a “purpose” by mediating self-initiative and a willingness to cooperate with others. A product of this is the development of self-esteem, during the preschool years, self-esteem is at its highest