Chapter 10 (Spermatogenesis) 1 Flashcards
Why will the pulse of GnRH remain the same for males?
Because males do not have surge centers
What is the frequency of testosterone pulses in males?
About 6 pulses a day, not frequent
What are three male hormones that have a negative feedback on the hypothalamus?
Testosterone (T)
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
Estradiol (E2)
Which male cells have receptors for:
LH
FSH
Leydig cells
Sertoli cells
Brief description of the first phase of spermatogenesis
- Immature spermatogonia goes through mitosis
- Stem cell renewal
Brief description of the second phase of spermatogenesis
- Spermatogonia undergo meiosis, which produces haploids
- Crossover of DNA
In which phase of spermatogenesis does DNA crossover occur and what does this provide?
2nd phase (meiosis) Provides uniqueness to each gamete
Brief description of the third phase of spermatogenesis
Differentiation of spermatocytes into distinguishable sperm cells
What replenishes mitosis?
Stem cells
Spermatids are found in which spermatogenesis phase and are bound by what?
3rd phase (differentiation) Cytoplasmic bridges, for communication between cells
What important role does the acrosomic granule play?
It allows the sperm to penetrate an oocyte
What organism migrates to the bottom of the sperm nucleus during the golgi phase and what does this do?
Centrioles
They become the anchor for the DNA (neck)
What structure forms a cap over the sperms nucleus?
Acrosomic vesicle
What do sperm condense during the ___ phase in order to reduce resistance when traveling to oocyte?
DNA, during the acrosomal phase
What is located in the middle piece of sperm and what is it used for?
Mitochondria
They generate ATP for energy
Briefly explain sperm protein synthesis in relation to the oocyte
They will not synthesis sperm until they are in the oocyte, their specific mRNA hijacks the females protein synthesis mechanism
What part of the sperms head binds to the oocyte?
Postnuclear cap
What is formed during the Golgi phase of spermatid differentiation?
Acrosomic vesicle
What occurs during the cap phase of spermatid differentiation?
The acrosomic vesicle spreads over the nucleus
The elongation of what components occurs during the acrosomal phase of spermatid differentiation?
Nucleus and cytoplasm
