Chapter 10 Review Flashcards
Are gases polar?
Gases are nonpolar or slightly polar
Are there many elements that are gases at room temperature?
Only a few elements are gases at room temperature
What type of mixture do gases tend to form?
Gases tend to form homogeneous mixtures
Are gases very dense?
Gases tend to have low densities
Do gases have a definite shape or volume?
No, gases don’t have a definite shape or volume
What variables affect Volume?
Temperature, pressure, and moles present affect the volume
Is the volume of a container equal to the volume of the gas?
Yes, the volume of the gas is equal to the volume of the container
Are gases highly compressible?
Yes, gases are highly compressible
When heated, what do gases do?
When heated, gases expand
What is a vapor?
A vapor is a gas that is a liquid or a solid at room temperature
What causes gas pressure?
Molecular collisions cause gas pressure
What is atmospheric pressure?
Atmospheric pressure is the pressure exerted by the combined gases above the earth’s surface
Is atmospheric pressure dependent on altitude?
Yes, atmospheric pressure is dependent of altitude
One atmospheric pressure is how many mmHg?
1 atm = 760 mmHg
How many torr is 1 mmHg?
1 mmHg = 1 torr
How many torr is 1 atm?
1 atm = 760 torr
How many kPa is 1 atm?
1 atm = 101.3 kPa
What is Boyle’s Law?
P1V1=P2V2
When pressure INCREASES, does volume INCREASE or DECREASE?
When pressure increases, volume DECREASES
When pressure DECREASES. does volume INCREASE or DECREASE?
When pressure decreases, volume increases
What is Charle’s Law?
V1/T1 = V2/T2
When volume increases, what does temperature do?
Temperature increases
When volume decreases, what does temperature do?
Temperature decreases
What must temperature’s unit be?
Temperature must be in Kelvin
If the temperature of a gas is 0K, does the gas have volume?
If the temperature is 0K, the gas has no volume
What is Gay-Lussac’s law?
P1/T1 = P2/T2
As pressure increases, what does temperature do?
Temperature increases
As pressure decreases, what does temperature do?
Temperature decreases
Will gases at the same temperature and pressure have the same number of moles?
Gases with the same pressure and temperature will have the same number of moles
What is Avogadro’s law?
V1/n1 = V2/n2
As volume increases, does the amount of moles increase or decrease?
The number of moles increases
As volume decreases, does the amount of moles increase or decrease?
The number of moles decreases
What is the Combined Gas law?
P1V1/n1T1 = P2V2/n2T2
What is the ideal gas law?
PV=nRT
What is R in the ideal gas law?
R = 0.08206 Latm/molK
When should we use the ideal gas law?
When we are given 3 variables and don’t know 1 variable
What does the ideal gas law assume?
That two atom’s don’t affect each other and the volume of gas particles is negligible
What is STP?
STP is 273.15K and 1.00atm
What is the molar volume of a gas at STP?
V / n
What is the molar volume of ANY ideal gas at STP?
22.414 L/mol
What is the density of a gas?
d = PM / RT
As pressure increases, what does density do?
Density increases
As temperature increases, what does density do?
Density decreases?
What is the total pressure of a gas mixture equal to?
The partial pressure of each gas present in the mixture
To find the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture given the moles of each gas, what does one do?
Divide moles of gas by the total moles in the mixture. Multiply that by the total pressure
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