Chapter 10 quiz Flashcards
How do organisms get their energy?
From food
Calorie is the amount of energy need to…
raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
What is the calories in food actually called and how many small calories is it
It is a kilocalorie and it is 1000 calories
How many calories of heat energy does 1 gram of sugar glucose release?
3811 calories
How many calories does 1 gram of fat found in beef release?
8893 calories
How many calories do proteins and carbohydrates contain?
4000
How many calories do fats contain?
9000
What is cellular respiration?
A process of energy conversion that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 –> 6Co2 + 6H2O + energy
Why does cellular respiration not happen all at once?
The cell has to release a little energy at a time and trap it in ATP
What is the first stage of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
What happens in glycolysis?
-10% of energy is captured to produce ATP -90% of the energy in glucose is still available at the end of this stage locked in bonds of pyruvic acid
What is the second stage of cellular respiration?
Krebs cycle
What happens in the Krebs cycle?
Pyruvic acid enters
What is the third stage of cellular respiration?
Electron transport chain
What happens in the electron transport chain?
-Most of the energy is released
-Oxygen is used
What is the world’s most powerful electron acceptor?
Oxygen
What do most of the energy releasing pathways within cells require and what does this cause?
They require oxygen which is what makes us have to breathe
True or false: Aerobic means it does NOT require oxygen
False
True or false: Anaerobic means it does NOT require oxygen
True
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm
Where does the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur?
In the mitochondria
True or false: photosynthesis deposits energy
True
True or false: cellular respiration withdraws energy
True
How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration use carbon dioxide?
Photosynthesis takes it from the air and cellular respiration puts it back
How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration use oxygen?
Photosynthesis deposits it and cellular respiration use it to release energy in food
What is one molecule of glucose transformed into during glycolysis?
Two molecules of 3-carbon compound pyruvic acid
How much ATP does glycolysis produce?
4 ATP
How much ATP is used at the start of glycolysis?
2 ATP
