Chapter 10: Prompting and stimulus control

Question 1

What is prompting and transfer of stimulus control used for?

Answer 1

• Developing stimulus control (to get the target behavior to occur at the right time–in the presence of the Sd)
• Developing new behaviors (ex. teaching a child to hit a baseball)

Question 2

what is the function of prompts?

Answer 2

The function of prompts is to produce an instance of the correct behavior so that it can be reinforced. The use of prompts makes teaching or training more efficient.

Question 3

What is a prompt?

Answer 3

A stimulus or event given before or during a response in the presence of the Sd. A prompt increases the probability that the behavior will occur in the correct situation so the behavior can be reinforced

Question 4

What is fading?

Answer 4

The gradual elimination of the prompt as the behavior continues to occur in the presence of the Sd.

Question 5

What are the 2 types of prompts?

Answer 5

Response prompts and stimulus prompts

Question 6

Response prompts

Answer 6

involve the behavior of another person that evoke the desired response in the presence of the Sd
(verbal, gestural, modeling, and physical)

Question 7

Stimulus prompts

Answer 7

involves a change in an antecedent stimulus, or the addition or removal of a stimulus, to make a correct response more likely to occur
(within stimulus and extra stimulus)

Question 8

Within stimulus prompt

Answer 8

changes in the Sd in some way….increase the salience of the stimulus

Question 9

Extra stimulus

Answer 9

adding another stimulus or cue to the Sd

Question 10

Transfer of stimulus control

Answer 10

getting the behavior to occur in the presence of the Sd without prompts (prompt fading, stimulus fading, prompt delay)

Question 11

Verbal prompt

Answer 11

when the verbal behavior of another person results in the correct response in the presence of the Sd (ex. rules, instructions)

Question 12

Gestural prompts

Answer 12

any physical movement or gesture of another person the leads to the correct behavior in the presence of the Sd (foist show entire behavior just part)

Question 13

Modeling prompts

Answer 13

any demo of the correct behavior by another person that makes it more likely that the correct behavior will occur at the right time

Question 14

Physical prompts

Answer 14

another person physically helps a person to engage in the correct behavior at the right time (physical guidance)

Question 15

What type of prompt is the most intrusive?

Answer 15

Physical prompts

Question 16

What type of prompt is the least intrusive?

Answer 16

Verbal prompts

Question 17

7 steps in using prompting and fading

Answer 17

1. choose the most appropriate prompt strategy
2. get the learners attention (orienting)
3. Present the Sd
4. prompt the correct response
5. Reinforce the correct response
6. Transfer stimulus control (fade the prompts over trials)
7. Continue to reinforce unprompted responses