chapter 10 - nervous system

Question 1

function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

it enables organisms to react to their surroundings and coordinates behaviour

Question 2

the parts of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

why are reflex actions described as rapid and

automatic?

Answer 3

they don’t involve the conscious part of the brain

Question 4

why are reflex actions important?

Answer 4

for survival and to prevent damage to the body

Question 5

pathway of a nervous response?

Answer 5

stimulus -> receptor -> sensory neurone -> coordinator -> motor neurone -> effector -> response SRSCMER

Question 6

what is a synapse?

Answer 6

a gap between two neurones, allowing impulses to cross

Question 7

function of neurones?

Answer 7

to carry electrical impulses around the body

Question 8

what is homeostatis?

Answer 8

maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 9

conditions controlled in homeostatis?

Answer 9

• body temperature
• blood glucose concentration
• water levels

Question 10

things all control systems include?

Answer 10

• receptors
• coordination centres
• effectors

Question 11

whats the coordination centre?

Answer 11

where the impulses get processed (brain)

Question 12

whats the effector?

Answer 12

muscles or glands that bring responses to the stimulus

Question 13

whats the receptor?

Answer 13

cells that detect changes in the internal or external environment (stimuli)

Question 14

two things can an effector be?

Answer 14

muscle or glands

Question 15

how do you calculate the range of results?

Answer 15

largest or highest result taking the smallest or lowest result away

Question 16

4 stages of synapses?

Answer 16

• the impulses travel along the sensory neurone
• impulses come across neurotransmitters and binds to them
• the impulses are diffused across the synapse
• impulses bind to the neurotransmitters on the motor neurone and the impulses continue to travel

Question 17

how is the reflex arc different to the normal nervous pathway?

Answer 17

impulses dont travel to the coordination centre

Question 18

why does this make it quicker?

Answer 18

we dont have to spend time thinking about what to do

Question 19

why do we need a quicker response?

Answer 19

to protect us from hurting ourselves or causing damage to our body