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Cosmetology 2022 > Chapter 10 - Nail Disorders and Diseases > Flashcards

Chapter 10 - Nail Disorders and Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

A normal healthy nail is firm, flexible and should be:

a. smooth and unspotted
b. uneven and unspotted
c. long and unspotted
d. short and unspotted

A

a. smooth and unspotted

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2
Q

If a client has ridges running vertically down the length of the nail plate, it is recommended that you:

a. file them agressively
b. buff them carefully
c. thin the nail plate
d. refer them to a physician

A

b. buff them carefully

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3
Q

The medical term for fungal infections associated with the feet is:

a. tinea pathogenic
b. tinea pedis
c. tinea alopecia
d. paronychia

A

b. tinea pedis

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4
Q

The typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a ________ spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages.

a. orange-red
b. white-gray
c. blue-green
d. yellow-green

A

d. yellow-green

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5
Q

The separation and falling off of a nail from the nail bed is a sign of:

a. onychia
b. paronychia
c. onychomadesis
d. pyogenic granuloma

A

c. onychomadesis

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6
Q

Which of the following does not cause onychorrhexis?

a. injury to the matrix
b. heredity
c. aggressive filing techniques
d. insufficient use of cuticle removers

A

d. insufficient use of cuticle removers

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7
Q

Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail are signs of which condition?

a. paronychia
b. onychocryptosis
c. nail psoriasis
d. onychomycosis

A

c. nail psoriasis

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8
Q

Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the:

a. nail plate
b. nail bed
c. free edge
d. lunula

A

b. nail bed

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9
Q

The term __________ refers to a condition caused by injury or disease of the nail unit.

a. nail psoriasis
b. nail pterygium
c. nail disorder
d. nail service

A

c. nail disorder

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10
Q

Nail fungi can be transmitted through ________ instruments.

a. sterilized
b. disinfected
c. contaminated
d. disposable

A

c. contaminated

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11
Q

Onychomadesis can affect:

a. only fingernails
b. only toenails
c. neither fingernails and toenails
d. both fingernails and toenails

A

d. both fingernails and toenails

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12
Q

A cosmetologist can disobey state or federal rules and regulations:

a. if the client signs a waiver
b. under no circumstance
c. with the client’s verbal permission
d. if the salon owner gives permission

A

b. under no circumstance

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13
Q

Which condition is characterized by nails that noticeably thin, flexible and white?

a. melanonychia
b. plicatured nail
c. agnail
d. eggshell nails

A

d. eggshell nails

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14
Q

Which of the following is not a common cause of surface stains on nails?

a. nail polish
b. food dyes
c. smoking
d. poor blood circulation

A

d. poor blood circulation

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15
Q

The condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot is:

a. discolored nails
b. bruised nails
c. eggshell nails
d. plicatured nails

A

b. bruised nails

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16
Q

The condition in which the living skin around the nail splits and tears is:

a. hangnail
b. Beau’s lines
c. melanonychia
d. onychophagy

A

a. hangnail

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17
Q

The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without the shedding is:

a. onychosis
b. onychocryptosis
c. onycholysis
d. onychomadesis

A

c. onycholysis

18
Q

The term _________ refers to significant darkening of the fingernails and toenails.

a. melanonychia
b. nail pytergium
c. paronychia
d. splinter hemorrhages

A

a. melanonychia

19
Q

A sharp bend in one corner off the nail plate creating increased curvature is symptomatic of:

a. pincer nails
b. bruised nails
c. eggshell nails
d. plicatured nails

A

d. plicatured nails

20
Q

Depressions running across the width of the nail plate are:

a. ridges
b. splinters
c. Beau’s lines
d. agnail

A

c. Beau’s lines

21
Q

Split or brittle nails with a series of lengthwise ridges and a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate is:

a. onlychopagy
b. onychophosis
c. onychorrhexis
d. plicatured nnails

A

c. onychorrhexis

22
Q

Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of a major illness or injury are:

a. eggshell nails
b. narrow lines
c. Beau’s lines
d. hangnails

A

c. Beau’s lines

23
Q

Parasites that under some conditions can cause infections to the feet and hands are:

a. pedis
b. flagella
c. fungi
d. tinea

A

c. fungi

24
Q

Nails with a noticeably thin, white nail plate that are more flexible than normal nails are:

a. ingrown nails
b. bitten nails
c. leukonychia nails
d. eggshell nails

A

d. eggshell nails

25
Q

Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is:

a. leukonychia
b. melanonychia
c. a hangnail
d. nail fungus

A

a. leukonychia

26
Q

Ridges running vertically down the natural nail plate are caused by:

a. overgrowth and polish
b. medication and cold
c. uneven growth and age
d. bitten nails

A

c. uneven growth and age

27
Q

A nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury if the nail plate is:

a. bruised nails
b. blue nails
c. abnormal nails
d. bruised onychia

A

a. bruised nails

28
Q

Tinea pedis is the medical term used to describe:

a. scaling skin
b. whitish patches on the nail
c. athlete’s foot
d. ingrown nails

A

c. athlete’s foot

29
Q

The naturally occurring skin bacterium that can grow out of control and cause nail infections, incorrectly referred to as mold, is:

a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
b. paronychia granular
c. pyogenic granular
d. plicatured nails

A

a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

30
Q

The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is a sign of:

a. onychomadesis
b. nail psoriasis
c. eggshell nails
d. onycholysis

A

d. onycholysis

31
Q

Clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed or swollen should be referred to a:

a. technician
b. physician
c. stylist
d. specialist

A

b. physician

32
Q

Redness, pain, and swelling are signs of a(n):

a. condition
b. disorder
c. infection
d. abrasion

A

c. infection

33
Q

Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the natural nail plate is:

a. onychia
b. onyx
c. fungi
d. flagella

A

a. onychia

34
Q

Onychomadesis is the separation and falling off of a nail plate and can be traced to:

a. darkening of the nail
b. nail splitting
c. local infection
d. bitten nails

A

c. local infection

35
Q

A highly curved nail plate often called “folded nail”, caused by injury to the matrix or inherited, is a(n):

a. bruised nail
b. bitten nail
c. plicatured nail
d. eggshell nail

A

c. plicatured nail

36
Q

The surface of a healthy natural nail should be:

a. smooth and spotted
b. flexible and spotted
c. smooth and unspotted
d. pitted and rough

A

c. smooth and unspotted

37
Q

A dark band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge due to increased pigmentation is:

a. melanin nails
b. onycholysis
c. onychophagy
d. melanonychia

A

d. melanonychia

38
Q

Any deformity or disease of the nails in general is called:

a. onyx
b. onychia
c. onychosis
d. onychophosis

A

c. onychosis

39
Q

Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate is an indication of:

a. local infection
b. ingrown nails
c. athletes foot
d. nail psoriasis

A

d. nail psoriasis

40
Q

In the early stages, a typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified as a:

a. yellow-green spot
b. blue spot
c. brown-black spot
d. white-yellow spot

A

a. yellow-green spot

Cosmetology 2022 (32 decks)

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