Chapter 10 - Nail Disorders and Diseases Flashcards
A normal healthy nail is firm, flexible and should be:
a. smooth and unspotted
b. uneven and unspotted
c. long and unspotted
d. short and unspotted
a. smooth and unspotted
If a client has ridges running vertically down the length of the nail plate, it is recommended that you:
a. file them agressively
b. buff them carefully
c. thin the nail plate
d. refer them to a physician
b. buff them carefully
The medical term for fungal infections associated with the feet is:
a. tinea pathogenic
b. tinea pedis
c. tinea alopecia
d. paronychia
b. tinea pedis
The typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a ________ spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages.
a. orange-red
b. white-gray
c. blue-green
d. yellow-green
d. yellow-green
The separation and falling off of a nail from the nail bed is a sign of:
a. onychia
b. paronychia
c. onychomadesis
d. pyogenic granuloma
c. onychomadesis
Which of the following does not cause onychorrhexis?
a. injury to the matrix
b. heredity
c. aggressive filing techniques
d. insufficient use of cuticle removers
d. insufficient use of cuticle removers
Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail are signs of which condition?
a. paronychia
b. onychocryptosis
c. nail psoriasis
d. onychomycosis
c. nail psoriasis
Splinter hemorrhages are caused by physical trauma or injury to the:
a. nail plate
b. nail bed
c. free edge
d. lunula
b. nail bed
The term __________ refers to a condition caused by injury or disease of the nail unit.
a. nail psoriasis
b. nail pterygium
c. nail disorder
d. nail service
c. nail disorder
Nail fungi can be transmitted through ________ instruments.
a. sterilized
b. disinfected
c. contaminated
d. disposable
c. contaminated
Onychomadesis can affect:
a. only fingernails
b. only toenails
c. neither fingernails and toenails
d. both fingernails and toenails
d. both fingernails and toenails
A cosmetologist can disobey state or federal rules and regulations:
a. if the client signs a waiver
b. under no circumstance
c. with the client’s verbal permission
d. if the salon owner gives permission
b. under no circumstance
Which condition is characterized by nails that noticeably thin, flexible and white?
a. melanonychia
b. plicatured nail
c. agnail
d. eggshell nails
d. eggshell nails
Which of the following is not a common cause of surface stains on nails?
a. nail polish
b. food dyes
c. smoking
d. poor blood circulation
d. poor blood circulation
The condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate, causing a dark purplish spot is:
a. discolored nails
b. bruised nails
c. eggshell nails
d. plicatured nails
b. bruised nails
The condition in which the living skin around the nail splits and tears is:
a. hangnail
b. Beau’s lines
c. melanonychia
d. onychophagy
a. hangnail
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without the shedding is:
a. onychosis
b. onychocryptosis
c. onycholysis
d. onychomadesis
c. onycholysis
The term _________ refers to significant darkening of the fingernails and toenails.
a. melanonychia
b. nail pytergium
c. paronychia
d. splinter hemorrhages
a. melanonychia
A sharp bend in one corner off the nail plate creating increased curvature is symptomatic of:
a. pincer nails
b. bruised nails
c. eggshell nails
d. plicatured nails
d. plicatured nails
Depressions running across the width of the nail plate are:
a. ridges
b. splinters
c. Beau’s lines
d. agnail
c. Beau’s lines
Split or brittle nails with a series of lengthwise ridges and a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate is:
a. onlychopagy
b. onychophosis
c. onychorrhexis
d. plicatured nnails
c. onychorrhexis
Visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of a major illness or injury are:
a. eggshell nails
b. narrow lines
c. Beau’s lines
d. hangnails
c. Beau’s lines
Parasites that under some conditions can cause infections to the feet and hands are:
a. pedis
b. flagella
c. fungi
d. tinea
c. fungi
Nails with a noticeably thin, white nail plate that are more flexible than normal nails are:
a. ingrown nails
b. bitten nails
c. leukonychia nails
d. eggshell nails
d. eggshell nails
Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is:
a. leukonychia
b. melanonychia
c. a hangnail
d. nail fungus
a. leukonychia
Ridges running vertically down the natural nail plate are caused by:
a. overgrowth and polish
b. medication and cold
c. uneven growth and age
d. bitten nails
c. uneven growth and age
A nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury if the nail plate is:
a. bruised nails
b. blue nails
c. abnormal nails
d. bruised onychia
a. bruised nails
Tinea pedis is the medical term used to describe:
a. scaling skin
b. whitish patches on the nail
c. athlete’s foot
d. ingrown nails
c. athlete’s foot
The naturally occurring skin bacterium that can grow out of control and cause nail infections, incorrectly referred to as mold, is:
a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
b. paronychia granular
c. pyogenic granular
d. plicatured nails
a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is a sign of:
a. onychomadesis
b. nail psoriasis
c. eggshell nails
d. onycholysis
d. onycholysis
Clients with skin or nails that are infected, inflamed or swollen should be referred to a:
a. technician
b. physician
c. stylist
d. specialist
b. physician
Redness, pain, and swelling are signs of a(n):
a. condition
b. disorder
c. infection
d. abrasion
c. infection
Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shedding of the natural nail plate is:
a. onychia
b. onyx
c. fungi
d. flagella
a. onychia
Onychomadesis is the separation and falling off of a nail plate and can be traced to:
a. darkening of the nail
b. nail splitting
c. local infection
d. bitten nails
c. local infection
A highly curved nail plate often called “folded nail”, caused by injury to the matrix or inherited, is a(n):
a. bruised nail
b. bitten nail
c. plicatured nail
d. eggshell nail
c. plicatured nail
The surface of a healthy natural nail should be:
a. smooth and spotted
b. flexible and spotted
c. smooth and unspotted
d. pitted and rough
c. smooth and unspotted
A dark band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge due to increased pigmentation is:
a. melanin nails
b. onycholysis
c. onychophagy
d. melanonychia
d. melanonychia
Any deformity or disease of the nails in general is called:
a. onyx
b. onychia
c. onychosis
d. onychophosis
c. onychosis
Tiny pits or severe roughness on the surface of the nail plate is an indication of:
a. local infection
b. ingrown nails
c. athletes foot
d. nail psoriasis
d. nail psoriasis
In the early stages, a typical bacterial infection on the nail plate can be identified as a:
a. yellow-green spot
b. blue spot
c. brown-black spot
d. white-yellow spot
a. yellow-green spot
