Chapter 10-Managing Human Resources

Question 1

Human Resources Management (HRM)

Answer 1

all the activities involved in determining an organization’s human resources needs, as well as acquiring, training, and compensating people to fill those needs

Question 2

Job Analysis

Answer 2

the determination, through observation and study, of pertinent information about a job - including specific tasks and necessary abilities, knowledge, and skills

Question 3

Job Description

Answer 3

a formal, written explanation of a specific job, usually including job title, tasks, relationship with other jobs, physical and mental skills required, duties, responsibilities, and working conditions

Question 4

Job Specification

Answer 4

a description of the qualifications necessary for a specif job, in terms of education, experience, and personal and physical characteristics

Question 5

Recruiting

Answer 5

forming a pool of qualified applicants from which management can select employees

Question 6

Selection

Answer 6

the process of collecting information about applicants and using that information to make hiring decisions

Question 7

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act

Answer 7

prohibits discrimination in employment and created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Question 8

Orientation

Answer 8

familiarizing newly hired employees with fellow workers, company procedures, and the physical properties of the company

Question 9

Training

Answer 9

teaching employees to do specific job tasks through either classroom development or on-the-job experience

Question 10

Development

Answer 10

training that augments the skills and knowledge of managers and professionals

Question 11

Turnover

Answer 11

occurs when employees quit or are fired and must be replaced by new employees

Question 12

Promotion

Answer 12

an advancement to a higher-level job with increased authority, responsibility, and pay

Question 13

Transfer

Answer 13

a move to another job within the company at essentially the same level and wage

Question 14

Separations

Answer 14

employment changes involving resignation, termination, or layoff

Question 15

Wage/Salary Survey

Answer 15

a study that tells a company how much compensation comparable firms are paying for specific jobs that the firms have in common

Question 16

Wages

Answer 16

financial rewards based on the number of hours the employee works or the level of output achieved

Question 17

Commission

Answer 17

an incentive system that pays a fixed amount or a percentage of the employee’s sales

Question 18

Salary

Answer 18

a financial reward calculated on a weekly, monthly, or annual basis

Question 19

Bonuses

Answer 19

monetary rewards offered by companies for exceptional performance as incentives to further increase productivity

Question 20

Profit Sharing

Answer 20

a form of compensation whereby a percentage of company profits is distributed to the employees whose work helped to generate them

Question 21

Benefits

Answer 21

non-financial forms of compensation provided to employees, such as pension plans, health insurance, paid vacation and holidays, and the like

Question 22

Labor Unions

Answer 22

employee organizations formed to deal with employers for achieving better pay, hours, and working conditions

Question 23

Collective Bargaining

Answer 23

the negotiation process through which management and unions reach an agreement about compensation, working hours, and working conditions for the bargaining unit

Question 24

Labor Contract

Answer 24

the formal, written document that spells out the relationship between the union and management for a specified period of time - usually two or three years

Question 25

Picketing

Answer 25

a public protest against management practices that involves union members marching and carrying anti-management signs at the employer’s plant or work site

Question 26

Strikes

Answer 26

employee walkouts; one of the most effective weapons of labor unions

Question 27

Boycott

Answer 27

an attempt to keep people from purchasing the products of a company

Question 28

Lockout

Answer 28

management’s version of a strike, wherein a work site is closed so that employees cannot go to work

Question 29

Strikebreakers

Answer 29

people hired by management to replace striking employees; called “scabs” by striking union members

Question 30

Conciliation

Answer 30

a method of outside resolution of labor and management differences in which a third party is brought in to keep the two sides talking

Question 31

Mediation

Answer 31

a method of outside resolution of labor and management differences in which the third party’s role is to suggest or propose a solution to the problem

Question 32

Arbitration

Answer 32

settlement of a labor/management dispute by a third party whose solution is legally binding and enforceable

Question 33

Diversity

Answer 33

the participation of different ages, genders, races, ethnicities, nationalities, and abilities in the workplace

Question 34

Affirmative Action Programs

Answer 34

legally mandated plans that try to increase job opportunities for minority groups by analyzing the current pool of workers, identifying areas where women and minorities are underrepresented, and establishing specific hiring and promotion goals, with target dates, for addressing the discrepancy