Chapter 10: Life Span Development Flashcards
Adolescents
People who are 13 to 18 y/o.
Aneurysm
A swelling or enlargement of a blood vessel, resulting from weakening of the vessel wall.
Anxious Avoidant Attachment
A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver in which the infant is repeatedly rejected and develops an isolated lifestyle that does not depend on the support and care of others.
Atherosclerosis
A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to partial or complete blockage of blood flow.
Authoritarian
A parenting style that demands absolute obedience.
Authoritative
A parenting style that balances parental authority with the child’s freedom by setting and enforcing rules, but also allowing the build to have some freedom.
Barotrauma
Trauma resulting from increased pressure; for example from too much pressure in teh lungs.
Bonding
The formation of a close, personal relationship.
Conventional Reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child looks for approval form peers and society.
Despair Phase
The second phase of an infant’s response to a situational crisis; characterized by monotonous wailing.
Early Adults
People who are 18 to 40 y/o.
Fontanelles
Areas where the infant’s skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age; also called soft spots.
Growth Plates
Structures located on either end of an infant’s bone that aid in lengthening bones as the child grows.
Hypercapnia
Increased carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream.
Infants
People who are 1 month to 1 year of age.
Late Adults
People who are 61+ y/o.
Life Expectancy
The average amount of years a person can be expected to live.
Menarche
A females first menstrual period.
Menopause
The cessation of menstruation, which begins in a woman’s late 40s or early 50s, and which marks the end of the reproductive years.
Middle Adults
People who are 41 to 60 y/o.
Moro Reflex
An infant reflex in which, when caught off guard, the infant opens his/her arms wide, spreads the fingers, and seems to grab at things.
Nephrons
The basic filtering units in the kidneys.
Palmar Grasp
An infant reflex that occurs when something is placed in the infant’s palm; the infant grasps the object.
Permissive
A parenting style in which the parent does not impose many rules, if any, on the child; two subcategories include indifferent and indulgent.
Postconventional Reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child bases decisions on his/her conscience.
Preconventional Reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child acts almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what he or she wants.
Preschoolers
People who are 3 to 5 y/o.
Protest Phase
An infant’s initial response to a situational crisis; characterized by loud crying.
Rooting Reflex
An infant reflex that occurs when something touches an infant’s cheek, and the infant instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch.
Scaffolding
An instructional technique the builds on what has already been learned.
School-age Children
People who are 6 to 12 y/o.
Secure Attachment
A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver, in which the infant understands the parents and/or caregivers will be responsive to his or her needs and provide care when help is needed.
Self-Concept
A person’s perception of him/herself.
Self-Esteem
How a person feels about himself or herself, and how a person feels about how he or she fits in with peers.
Situational Crisis
A crisis caused by a specific set of circumstances.
Sucking Reflex
An infant reflex in which the infant starts sucking when his or her lips are stroked.
Terminal Drop Hypothesis
The theory that a person’s mental function declines in the last 5 years of life.
Toddlers
People who are 1 to 3 y/o.
Trust and Mistrust
A phrase that refers to stage of development from birth to approximately 18 months of age, during which infants gain trust of their parents and/or caregivers if their world is planned, organized, and routine.
Withdrawal
In the context of infant behavior, the final phase of an infant’s response to a situational crisis, characterized by apathy and boredom.
