Chapter 10 key terms Flashcards

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1
Q

ability to distinctly identify two structures that are very close together

side by side perpendicular to the beam

A

lateral resolution

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2
Q

ability to distinctly identify two structures that are very close together

fron to back parallel to the beam

A

axial resolution

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3
Q

angular

transverse

azimuthal resolution

A

lateral resolution synonyms

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4
Q

axial gives distance between object in depth

Lateral gives distance side to side

A

axial vs lateral

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5
Q

concentration of asound energy into a narrow beam and thus improving lateral resolution

A

focusing

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6
Q

external

internal

phased array

A

methods of focusing

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7
Q

beam diameter in near field and focal zone narrows

focus is moved closer to the transducer

beam diameter beyond the focal zone widens

size of the focal zone is reduced

A

effects of focusing

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8
Q

.77 x # of cycles in pulse / Freq=

A

axial resolution (mm)

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9
Q

spatial pulse length/2=

A

axial resolution (mm)

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10
Q

wavelengthx # cycles in pulse/2=

A

axial resolution (mm)

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11
Q

axial resolution is determined by two factors

A

less ringing

higher freq

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12
Q

lateral resolution =

A

beam diameter

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13
Q

axial resolution orientation

A

front to back

parallel to beam

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14
Q

Axial nemonic

A

LARRD

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15
Q

axial resolution determined by

A

pulse length

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16
Q

Axial resolution best with

A

short pulse

highest freq and fewest cycles

17
Q

Axial resolution change

A

same at all depths

does not change

18
Q

axial resolution best in near field with

A

`shortest pulse

19
Q

axial resolution best in far field with

A

shortest pulse

20
Q

lateral resolution orientation

A

side by side

perpendicular to beam

21
Q

lateral resolution mnemonic

A

LATA

22
Q

lateral resolutoin determined by

A

beam width

23
Q

lateral resolutin best with

A

narrowest beam

24
Q

lateral resolution changes

A

with depth, best at focus

25
Q

lateral resolutoin best in near field with

A

smallest diameter crystal

26
Q

lateral resolutoin best in far field with

A

larger diameter and highest freq

(lkess divergence)

27
Q

external

internal

phased array

A

types of focus

28
Q

focus with a lens

A

external

29
Q

focus with a curved avtive element

A

internal

30
Q

focused with the electronics of the ultrasound system

A

phased array

31
Q

beam diameter in near field and focal zone is reduced

focal depth is shallower

beam diameter in the far zone increases

focal zone is smaller

A

effects of focusing

32
Q

frequency of electrical signal from ultrasound system

A

freq continuous wave

33
Q

thickness of ceramic and speed of sound in ceramic

A

freq pulsed wave

34
Q

diameter of ceramic and freq of sound

A

focal length

35
Q

diameter of cereamic and freq of sound

A

beam divergence

36
Q

beam width

A

lateral resolution

37
Q

shorter spatial pulse length

shorter pulse duration

higher freq (shorter wavelength)

fewer cycles per pulse (less ringing)

lower numerical values

A

better axial resolution