Chapter 10 - Intelligence

Question 0

Intelligence

Answer 0

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

Question 1

Intelligence test

Answer 1

A method for assessing an individual’s mental altitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

Question 2

General intelligence

Answer 2

Underlies specific mental abilities and therefore is measured by every task on an intelligence test.

Question 3

Factor analysis

Answer 3

a statical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of a performance that underlie a persons total test score.

Question 4

Savant syndrome

Answer 4

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as computation or drawing.

Question 5

Creativity

Answer 5

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.

Question 6

Emotional intelligence

Answer 6

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

Question 7

Mental age

Answer 7

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average eight year old is said to have a mental age of eight.

Question 8

Stanford-Binet

Answer 8

The widely used american revision of Binet’s original intelligence test.

Question 9

Intelligence quotient (IQ)

Answer 9

Defined originally as the ratio of mental age to the chronological age multiplied by 100. On contemporary intelligence test, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.

Question 10

Achievement tests

Answer 10

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

Question 11

Aptitude tests

Answer 11

A test designed to predict a persons future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

Question 12

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

Answer 12

The WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (non verbal) subtexts.

Question 13

Standardization

Answer 13

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a protested group.

Question 14

Normal curve

Answer 14

The symmetrical bell shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes, most scores fall near the average, and fewer scores lie near the extremes.

Question 15

Mental retardation

Answer 15

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of seventy or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound.

Question 16

Down Syndrome

Answer 16

A condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Question 17

Stereotype threat

Answer 17

A self confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.

Question 18

Reliability

Answer 18

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting.

Question 19

Validity

Answer 19

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

Question 20

Content validity

Answer 20

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

Question 21

Predictive validity

Answer 21

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.