Chapter 10: Ecosystems Flashcards
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
What is an ecosystem?
An ecosystem consists of a network of habitats and the communities of organisms associated with them. This includes ALL the living organisms which interact together.
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
What is a habitat?
- Where an organism lives and some organisms live in a very small part of a habitat called a microhabitat.
- Organisms must be adapted to live there. If organisms are not adapted to live there then they cannot.
- A habitat must be able to supply an organism/individual with resources to meet it’s requirements.
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
What are the types of habitats?
- Oak woodland
- Coniferous woodland
- Freshwater ponds
- Savannah
- Temperate grasslands
- Deserts
- Arctic tundra
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
What is an endemic species?
Endemic species are those that are naturally found in a specific geographic region and are not found anywhere else in the world.
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
What is a community?
A population is a group of THE SAME species that occupy the same habitat, the different populations of different species that occupy a habitat are known as communities.
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Given a map, outline the different biomes that exist within it
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a tropical rainforest biome and its level of biodiversity
- High humidity (rain all year), warm and lots of sunlight
- Very high biodiversity
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a tropical seasonal rainforest biome and its level of biodiversity
- Drier than a tropical rainforest, warm and sunny
- High biodiversity
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a savannah biome and its level of biodiversity
- Dry tropical grassland
- Medium biodiversity
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a tropical woodland biome and its level of biodiversity
- Wetter than a savannah, grassland with thornwoods, bushes and trees
- Medium biodiversity but more than a savannah
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a desert biome and its level of biodiversity
- Very little rainfall, fluctuating extreme temperatures between day and night
- Very low biodiversity
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a temperate grassland biome and its level of biodiversity
- Warm dry and temperate areas
- Medium biodiversity
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a temperate shrubland biome and its level of biodiversity
- Hot dry summers and cool wet winters
- Medium biodiversity
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a temperate forest biome and its level of biodiversity
- Warm, moist regions including decidious and coniferous species
- Less biodiversity than a tropical rainforest
10.1 The nature of ecosystems
Describe a taiga biome and its level of biodiversity
- Evergreen forests in cold subartic and subalpine regions
- Low biodiversity