chapter 10 cerebellum

Question 1

gross anatomy of the regions of the cerebellar surface

Answer 1

vermis
paravermal zone
hemispheres

Question 2

3 major lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 2

anterior lobe
 --> primary fissure
posterior lobe --> horizontal fissure
 --> postero- lateral fissure
flocculo- nodular lobe

Question 3

cerebellum is connected with the rest of the cns by

Answer 3

3 peducles

• superior cerebellar peducle
• inferoir cerebellar peduncle
• medial cerebellar peduncle

Question 4

neural organization of cerebellum: layes

Answer 4

• purkinje layer with purkinje cells and large principal cells
• molecular layer with dendrites of purkinje cells and other cerebellar interneurons
• granular layer with interneurons

Question 5

afferent fibers of the cortex

Answer 5

climbing fibers
mossy fibers
parallel fibers

Question 6

EPSP

Answer 6

excitatory postsynaptic potential

Question 7

IPSP

Answer 7

inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Question 8

4 pairs of central nuclei

Answer 8

fastigal nucleus
interposed nucleus with globose and emboliform nucleus
dentate nucleus

Question 9

input to cerebellum

Answer 9

extrinsic input (source outside cerebellum)
- pontocerebellar, spinocerebellar and olivocerebellar fibers
- fibers from precerebellar reticular nuclei
- collateral branches of fibers proceeding to cerebellar cortex
purkinje cells of cortex

Question 10

output to cerebellar nuclei (efferents)

Answer 10

• fasitgal nucleus projects to brain stem through PCI

- other nuclei leave through PCS and end in brain stem and thalamus

Question 11

afferents and efferents of the PCI

Answer 11

afferents: fibers entering from:
- contralateral inferior olivary complex
- dorsal spinocereballar tract
- vestibular nerve and nuclei
- other nuclei of medulla
efferents
- from flocculo- nodular lobe and fastigal nucleus
- go to vestibular nuclei and reticular formation of medulla and pons

Question 12

afferents of PCM

Answer 12

pontocerebellar fibers that originate in contralateral pontine nuclei

Question 13

afferents and efferents of PCS

Answer 13

afferents
  - ventral spinocerebellar tract
 - tecto cerebellar tract
efferents
 - interposed and dentate nuclei
 - end in thalamus

Question 14

functional anatomy: phylogenetic division

Answer 14

= evolutionart part

archicerebellum: in fish and lower amphibians
paleocerebellum: in higher amphibians, reptiles and birds
neocerebellum: in mammals and highest in humans

Question 15

functional anatomy

Answer 15

= source of mossy fibers/ afferents

• vestibulocerebellum: input from vestibular nerve and nuclei
• spinocerebellum: spinocerebellar tract and cuneocerebellar fibers + fibers terminate in cortex of paravermal zone
• pontocerebellum: from collateral pontine nuclei, fibers terminate in cortex of paravermal zone

Question 16

spinocerebellum has 4 afferent systems

Answer 16

• somatic sensory systems
• precerebellar reticular nuclei
• inferior olivary complex
• special senses