Chapter 10 Cancer of the Reproductive System

Question 1

Anatomy of the cervix consists of (2)

Answer 1

lower portion of uterus which is contiguous with upper portion of vagina

• exocervix & endocervix
• surrounded by paracervical tissues rich in lymph nodes

Question 2

Premalignant cancer changes of cervix

1) Mild:
2) Moderate:
3) Severe:

Answer 2

1) Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
2) Carcinoma in situ (CIS) (a group of abnormal cells)
3) invasive disease

Question 3

Persistent infection of what virus is necessary for development of cervical cancer?

Answer 3

Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)

-certain genotype of HPV are known to be oncogenic

Question 4

Factors that contribute to contracting HPV

Answer 4

Smoking 
Hx of STDs 
Contraceptive use 
Early onset of vaginal intercourse 
Large # of sexual partners 
Chronic immunosuppression

Question 5

Location where most cases of invasive cervical cancer arise =

Answer 5

Transformation zone at the squamocolumnar junction

Question 6

2 main histologic types

Answer 6

1) Squamous carcinoma (80%)

2) Adenocarcinoma (20%)

Question 7

Cervical cancer is the ___ most common cancer in women worldwide

Answer 7

4th

Question 8

Incidence of invasive cervical cancer in US has decreased significantly dt what test?

Answer 8

Pap smears

+ bimanual pelvic examination

Question 9

Metastatic patterns of cervical cancer

1) Direct extension into (5)
2) ___ ___ metastases
3) Metastasis to (3) through hematologic route

Answer 9

1) parametrium, vagina, lower uterine segment, abdomen, other pelvic structures
2) lymph node
3) Lung, bone, liver