Chapter 10 - Biodiversity Flashcards
Define Population
All organisms of one species in a habitat
Define Community
All of the populations of all the species in a habitat
Define Biodiversity
The variety of species in an area
Define Species Richness
The number of species in an area
What does The index of Diversity describe?
The relationship between number of species in a community + the number of individuals in each species
What does d represent in The IOD equation?
Index of Diversity
What does N represent in the IOD equation?
total number of organisms in all species
What does n represent in the IOD equation?
total number of individuals of each species
What are the effects of farming on biodiversity?
forests/ hedgerows cleared, monoculture, fewer species, fewer food sources, fewer niches
What can farmers implement to increase conservation?
plant more hedgerows, protect by law, restrict urban development
What is competition within a species called?
Intraspecific competition
What is competition between species called?
Interspecific competition
How can we compare species?
DNA/mRNA/amino acid sequences, observe similarities/ differences
Why should we have a large sample size?
to ensure it is representative and enables us to do a statistical test
Why should we select randomly?
avoid bias
What does Standard Deviation show?
The average variation of data away from the mean
Define Species
a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring
How does courtship behaviour increase the chance of successful breeding? Give example
ensures species recognition, stimulates release of gamete. recognise opposite gender, indicates sexual maturity. Bower Bird
What is phylogenetic classification?
arranging in groups based on evolutionary relatedness
Define a taxonomical hierarchy
small groups within larger groups (no overlap)
What is the order of classification?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is the binomial naming system?
universal naming system eg) Homo (genus) sapiens (species)
How can we determine how related 2 species are?
Genome sequencing, immunology (antibodies match up indicates similar proteins coded for)
