Chapter 10 Applications of Social Cognitive Theory

Question 1

Dysfunctional expectancies

Answer 1

In social-cognitive theory, maladaptive expectations concerning the consequences of specific behaviours

Question 2

Dysfunctional self-evaluations

Answer 2

In social-cognitive theory, maladaptive standards for self-reward that have important implications for psychopathology

Question 3

Emotion-focused coping

Answer 3

Coping in which an individual strives to improve his or her internal emotional state, for example, by emotional distancing or the seeking of social support

Question 4

General principles approach

Answer 4

Higgins term for an analysis of personal and situational influences on thought and action in which a common set of causal principles is used to explain both cross-situational consistency in thought and action that result from personal influences and variability in thought and action that results from situational influences

Question 5

Guided mastery

Answer 5

A treatment approach emphasized in social-cognitive theory in which a person is assisted in performing modeled behaviour

Question 6

Implicit theories

Answer 6

Broad, generalizable beliefs that we may not be able to state explicitly in words, yet that influence our thinking

Question 7

Learning goals

Answer 7

In Dweeks social-cognitive analysis of personality and motivation, a goal of trying to enhance ones knowledge and personal mastery of a task

Question 8

Performance goals

Answer 8

In Dweeks social-cognitive analysisof personality and motivation, a goal of trying to make a good impression on other people who may evaluate you

Question 9

Problem-focused coping

Answer 9

Attempts to cope by altering features of a stressful situation

Question 10

Self-discrepancies

Answer 10

In theoretical analysis of Higgins, incongruities between beliefs about ones current psychological attributes (the actual self) and desired attributes that represent values standards or guides

Question 11

Self-enhancment

Answer 11

A motive to maintain or enhance positive views about the self

Question 12

Self-schemas

Answer 12

Cognitive generalisations about the self that guide a persons information processing

Question 13

Self-verification

Answer 13

A motive to obtain information that is consistent with ones self concept

Question 14

Stress inoculation trained

Answer 14

A procedure to reduce stress developed by Meichenbaum in which clients are taught to become aware of such negative, stress inducing cognitions

Question 15

Working self-concept

Answer 15

The subset of self-concept that is in working emmory at any given time; the theoretical idea that differenct social circumstances may activate different aspects of self-concept