Chapter 10

Question 1

3D Printing

Answer 1

Etching of plastic layers into different shapes by laying down successive layers of material to form a 3D solid

Question 2

Benchmarking

Answer 2

Process of determining how well other companies perform business functions or tasks

Question 3

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Answer 3

Process that allows engineers to design components as well as entire products on computer screens faster and with fewer mistakes than they could achieve working with traditional drafting systems.

Question 4

Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Answer 4

computer tools to analyze CAD output and enable a manufacturer to analyze the steps that a machine must take to produce a needed product or part.

Question 5

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Answer 5

production system in which computers help workers design products, control machines, handle materials, and control the production function in an integrated fashion.

Question 6

Critical Path

Answer 6

sequence of operations that requires the longest time for completion.

Question 7

Environmental Impact Study

Answer 7

analyzes how a proposed plant would affect the quality of life in the surrounding area.

Question 8

Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)

Answer 8

production facility that can be quickly modified to manufacture different products.

Question 9

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Answer 9

organization whose mission is to develop and promote international standards for business, government, and society to facilitate global trade and cooperation.

Question 10

Inventory Control

Answer 10

function requiring production and operations managers to balance the need to keep stock on hand to meet demand against the costs of carrying inventory.

Question 11

Just-in-Time (JIT) System

Answer 11

broad management philosophy that reaches beyond the narrow activity of inventory control to influence the entire system of production and operations management.

Question 12

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

Answer 12

voluntary certification program administered by the U.S. Green Building Council, aimed at promoting the most sustainable construction processes available.

Question 13

Make, Buy, or Lease decision

Answer 13

choosing whether to manufacture a needed product or component in-house, purchase it from an outside supplier, or lease it.

Question 14

Mass Production

Answer 14

System for manufacturing products in large quantities through effective combinations of employees with specialized skills, mechanization, and standardization.

Question 15

Materials Requirement Planning (MRP)

Answer 15

computer-based production planning system that lets a company ensure that it has all the parts and materials it needs to produce its output at the right time and place and in the right amounts.

Question 16

Perpetual Inventory System

Answer 16

system that continuously monitors the amount and location of a company’s stocks.

Question 17

PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) Chart

Answer 17

chart that seeks to minimize delays by coordinating all aspects of the production process.

Question 18

Production

Answer 18

use of resources, such as workers and machinery, to convert materials into finished goods and services.

Question 19

Production and Operations Management

Answer 19

oversee the production process by managing people and machinery in converting materials and resources into finished goods and services.

Question 20

Production Control

Answer 20

creates a well-defined set of procedures for coordinating people, materials, and machinery to provide maximum production efficiency.

Question 21

Quality

Answer 21

good or service that is free of deficiencies.

Question 22

Quality Control

Answer 22

measuring output against established quality standards.

Question 23

Robot

Answer 23

reprogrammable machine capable of performing numerous tasks that require manipulation of materials and tools.

Question 24

Routing Phase

Answer 24

phase of production control that determines the sequence of work throughout the facility and specifies who will perform each aspect of production at what location.

Question 25

Scheduling Phase

Answer 25

development of timetables that specify how long each operation in the production process takes and when workers should perform it.

Question 26

Vendor-Managed Inventory

Answer 26

process in which the producer and the retailer agree that the producer (or the wholesaler) will determine how much of a product a buyer needs and automatically ship new supplies when needed.