Chapter 10

Question 1

Types of Error

Answer 1

Sampling Error
Noncoverage Error 
Nonresponse Error 
Response Error 
Office Error

Question 2

Sampling Error

Answer 2

The difference between results obtained from a sample and results that would have been obtained had information been gathered from or about every member of the population

Question 3

Nonsampling Error

Answer 3

Error that arises in research that is not due to sampling
Nonsampling error can occur because of errors in conception, logic, interpretation of questions and replies, statistics, arithmetic, analyzing, coding or reporting

Question 4

Noncoverage Error

Answer 4

Nonsampling error that arises because of a failure to include some units, or entire sections, of the defined target population in the sampling frame

Noncoverage error is basically a sampling frame problem

Question 5

Nonresponse Error

Answer 5

Nonsampling error that represents a failure to obtain information from some elements of the population that were selected and designated for the sample

This is a potential problem that only occurs when those who do respond are systematically different in some important way from those who don’t respond

Question 6

Response Error

Answer 6

Response error occurs when an individual provides a response to an item, but the response is inaccurate for some reason

Question 7

Office Error

Answer 7

Nonsampling errors that arise in the editing, coding, or analysis phases of research

Question 8

The general response rate calculation is

Answer 8

RR = CI/E
RR = Response Rate;
CI = Number of Completed Interviews with Responding Units;
E = Number of Eligible Responding Units in the Sample

Question 9

The response rate calculation for Web-based and mail surveys is

Answer 9

RR = UQR/(CA - BA)
RR = Response Rate;
UQR = Number of Usable Questionnaires Returned;
CA = Number of Contacts Attempted;
BA = Number of Bad Addresses

Question 10

The response rate calculation for telephone surveys (no eligibility requirement) is

Answer 10

RR = CI/(CI + R + NAH)
RR = Response Rate;
CI = Number of Completed Interviews;
R = Number of Refusals;
NAH = Number of Not-At-Homes

Question 11

The response rate calculation for telephone surveys (with eligibility requirement) is

Answer 11

RR = CI/(CI + E% (R + NAH))
RR = Response Rate;
CI = Number of Completed Interviews;
E = Percentage of Eligible Interviewees
R = Number of Refusals;
NAH = Number of Not-At-Homes
E% = CI/(CI + IE)
IE = Number of Ineligible Interviewees

Question 12

Improving Response Rates

Answer 12

Survey Length
Guarantee of Confidentiality or Anonymity
Interviewer Characteristics and Training

Personalization
Response Incentives
Follow-Up Surveys