Chapter 10 Flashcards
1000BaseT
Ethernet over UTP cables, using hubs to produce a star topology; supports a maximum (theoretical) transmission of 1Gbit/s.
100BaseT
Ethernet over UTP cables, using hubs to produce a star topology; supports a maximum (theoretical) transmission of 100 Mbit/s.
10BaseT
Ethernet over UTP cables, using hubs to produce a star topology; supports a maximum (theoretical) transmission of 10 Mbit/s.
Address Resolution Protocol
A protocol used to learn a network hardware address based on an IPv4 address. See Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP).
ARP
A protocol used to learn a network hardware address based on an IPv4 address. See Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP).
Broadband
High-speed (greater than 200Kbps) Internet connections delivered to homes and small businesses.
Networking technologies that support simultaneous transmission of data, voice, and video.
Broadcast
A type of network communication in which one computer sends a message to many computers (typically all the computers on the sender’s local network segment).
CIDR
A method of breaking IP addresses into subnets for routing purposes that doesn’t rely on the traditional Class A/B/C distinctions. CIDR is more flexible than the class system but requires certain Internet routers to have larger routing tables.
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
A method of breaking IP addresses into subnets for routing purposes that doesn’t rely on the traditional Class A/B/C distinctions. CIDR is more flexible than the class system but requires certain Internet routers to have larger routing tables.
Default route
The route that network packets take if a more specific route doesn’t direct them in some other way. The default route typically involves a gateway or router system that can further redirect the packets.
DHCP
Provides for automatic downloading of IP address and other configuration data from a server to a client. Allows for reuse of IP addresses so that the number of hosts can exceed the number of available IP addresses. See BOOTP.
DHCP lease
A temporary assignment of an IP address to a DHCP client by a DHCP server. Clients must periodically renew their DHCP leases or risk losing the right to use the address.
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
A type of broadband network access provided over telephone lines. Several subtypes of DSL exist, including Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) and Symmetric DSL (SDSL).
DNS
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a distributed database of computers that converts between IP addresses and hostnames.
Domain name
A name assigned to a group of computers, such as example.com. Individual computers have hostnames that include the domain name, such as jupiter.example.com.
Dotted quad
A method of referring to an IPv4 address or netmask that uses four 1-byte numbers separated by dots (.), as in 192.168.72.27 or 255.255.255.0.
DSL
A type of broadband network access provided over telephone lines. Several subtypes of DSL exist, including Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) and Symmetric DSL (SDSL).
Frame
In networking, a data packet associated with network hardware (such as Ethernet) as opposed to the software (such as TCP/IP).
Gigabit Ethernet
A variety of Ethernet that can transfer 1,000 megabits (1 gigabit) per second.
Half-duplex
A type of data transmission in which data can be sent in only one direction at a time.
Hardware Address
A code that uniquely identifies a single network interface. This address is built into the device itself rather than assigned in Linux.
Host
This program serves as a replacement for the simpler uses of nslookup, but it lacks an interactive mode, and of course many details of its operation.
Hostname
A computer’s human-readable name, such as persephone.example.com.
Hub
Hub
A type of network hardware that serves as a central exchange point in a network. Each computer has a cable that links to the hub, so all data pass through the hub. Hubs echo all data they receive to all the other computers to which they connect. See also switch.
A USB device that can be used to multiply the available connectors; the USB hub plugs into a computer’s USB port, and multiple devices can plug into the USB hub.
ICMP
A type of network packet that’s commonly used to signal error conditions, such as corrupted packets.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
A type of network packet that’s commonly used to signal error conditions, such as corrupted packets.
Internet Protocol (IP)
An internet-layer protocol that’s an important part of the TCP/IP network stack because it handles data packet exchange based on low-level addressing.