Chapter 10 Flashcards
How does the sea erode ⭐️
The waves crash against the coast and cause hydraulic action.
The sea uses its load to erode the coast and cause abrasion.
The load is smashed together and made smaller by attrition.
Landforms caused by sea erosion
It forms bays, headlands, sea cliffs, sea caves, sea arches, sea stacks, sea stumps and blowholes.
Bays and headlands
Are formed when the sea erodes a coastline with hard and soft rock. The sea erodes the soft rock by hydraulic action and abrasion. The soft rock forms bays and the hard rock forms headlands. A headland is a high piece of land that juts out into the sea. An example is the coast near tramore, Waterford
Sea cliffs ⭐️
The waves erode and undercut the base of the cliff by using hydraulic action and abrasion. A wave cut notch is formed between the high and low water marks where the wave eroded the rock. The face of the cliff falls down. A wave cut platform is created. An example is near Tramore, Waterford, the Cliffs Of Moher, Clare.
Sea cave
Faults and joints are widened into cracks by hydraulic action and abrasion which then are widened into caves.
Sea arches
They are formed when two caves are back to back.
Sea stacks
They’re formed when the roof of the arch collapses
Sea stumps
They’re the worn down stacks. Some example are in Kerry and Waterford.
Blowholes
They’re openings in the roof of the cave that reach that reach the surface. They were joints and faults that were made bigger. Spray is blown up during storms.
Waves
They carry out the work of the sea through erosion, transportation and deposition. Constructive waves deposit. Destructive waves erode. The fetch is the sea where the wind blows the waves. A long fetch and strong wind produces strong waves. The longer the fetch, the more erosion and energy.
Sandspit
Are formed by longshore drift when it deposits its sand. It is made mostly out of sand and is connected to land at one end.
Sandbar
Is when a sand spit stretches all the way across a bay and connects the two sides.
Lagoon
Forms behind a sandbar and is shallow
A tombolo
Is when a sandpit connects the land to an island.
Sea deposition ⭐️
The sea deposits its load when the waves lose their power as they are slowed down in sheltered bays or gently sloping shores.