Chapter 10

Question 1

Cell division

Answer 1

The process by which a cell divides into 2 new daughter cells.

Question 2

Asexual reproduction

Answer 2

The production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent.

Question 3

Sexual reproduction

Answer 3

Type of reproduction in which cells from 2 parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism.

Question 4

Chromatin

Answer 4

Threadlike DNA coiled tightly around histone proteins. Not visible with light microscope.

Question 5

Chromosomes

Answer 5

Replicated chromatin which is condensed and coiled.

Question 6

Interphase

Answer 6

Period between cell division.

Question 7

M phase

Answer 7

Division of the cell.

Question 8

Mitosis

Answer 8

Division of the nucleus of the cell.

Question 9

Cytokinesis

Answer 9

Division of the cytoplasm.

Question 10

Chromatid

Answer 10

Each DNA strand in the duplicated chromosome.

Question 11

Centromeres

Answer 11

Points of attachment of the duplicated chromosomes.

Question 12

Cyclins

Answer 12

Proteins that regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.

Question 13

Internal regulators

Answer 13

Respond to events inside the cell.

Question 14

External regulators

Answer 14

Respond to events outside the cell.

Question 15

Apoptosis

Answer 15

Process of programmed cell death.

Question 16

Benign

Answer 16

Noncancerous. Doesn’t spread to surrounding tissue.

Question 17

Malignant

Answer 17

Cancerous. Invades and destroys surrounding tissue.

Question 18

Differentiation

Answer 18

Process in which a cell becomes specialized.

Question 19

Zygote

Answer 19

The single, fertilized cell.

Question 20

Blastocyst

Answer 20

Hollow ball of cells with an inner cell mass.

Question 21

Totipotent

Answer 21

Able to develop into any type of cell.

Question 22

Pluripotent

Answer 22

Can develop into any of the body’s cell type.

Question 23

Stem cells

Answer 23

The unspecialized cells from which differentiated cells develop.