Chapter 10

Question 0

Mole

Answer 0

SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance
abbreviated mol
Equal to 6.0221367x10^23 amount of a substance

Question 1

Avogadro’s number

Answer 1

6.0221367x10^23
number of representative particles in a mole
Can be rounded to three significant digits: 6.02x10^23
Cue: Ten bought 23 avocados after 6:02

Question 2

Molar mass

Answer 2

the mass in grams of one mole of any pure substance

Question 3

Empirical formula

Answer 3

shows the smallest whole number ratio of the elements of a compound; may or may not be the same as the actual molecular formula
Ex: H2O2= HO <— empirical
Cue: Rome is an empire: all roads lead to Rome: all molecular lead to ( derived from) empirical formulas

Question 4

Molecular formula

Answer 4

specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a substance; unreduced empirical form
Ex: molecular —> H2O2= HO

Question 5

Percent composition

Answer 5

the percent by mass of each element in a compound

Question 6

Hydrate

Answer 6

compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms
Ex: CaCl2(dot)2H2O= calcium chloride dihydrate