Chapter 10

Question 0

Gresham Sykes

Answer 0

Wrote about the five deprivations prisoners face

Question 1

Punishment

Answer 1

A form of deprivation imposed upon a person

Question 2

John Locke

Answer 2

When a government is absent, the people decide who to punish and what the crimes are.

Question 3

Retribution

Answer 3

Offenders deserve to be punished

Either thru revenge or just deserts

Question 4

Just deserts

Answer 4

Believing a criminal should be punished for committing an act against a person and for committing an act against society

Question 5

Expiation

Answer 5

Atonement through suffering

Question 6

Graeme Newman

Answer 6

Proposed the use of painful electric shocks as a form of criminal punishment

Question 7

General deterrence

Answer 7

Intended to deter all people from committing crime by making an example of others who have

Question 8

Specific deterrence

Answer 8

Designed to discourage or prevent an individual offender from committing any additional crimes beyond those for which they have already been punished for

Question 9

Jeremy Bentham

Answer 9

Offenders are rational

They consider both the pain and pleasure that can come about

Question 10

Cesare beccaria

Answer 10

Three things needed to deter a criminal
Punishment should swiftly follow the crime
Punishment should be certain
Punishment should be proportional to the crime

Question 11

Hedonism

Answer 11

If the pleasure outweighs the potential pain

Question 12

Sigmund Freud

Answer 12

Human and criminal behavior is the product of forces in the unconscious mind

Question 13

Incapacitation

Answer 13

A form of punishment that removes or reduces the offenders ability to commit criminal activities

Question 14

Rehabilitation

Answer 14

An attempt to correct an offenders behavior to make it conform to the norms of society

Question 15

B. F. Skinner & John B Watson

Answer 15

Believed that behavior is produced through a combination of both punishments for negative behavior and rewards for good behavior

Question 16

Robert Martinson

Answer 16

Suggested that the rehabilitation programs were not working

However he found in a later study that it could work if the rehab programs were designed correctly

Question 17

Reintegrative shaming

Answer 17

The offender is publicly shamed or scolded

Question 18

Disintegrative shaming

Answer 18

Labels offenders as deviant to separate them from the community

Question 19

John Braithwaite

Answer 19

Argues the two forms of shaming

Reintegrative and disintegrative

Question 20

Dangerous classes

Answer 20

Certain groups of people who are targeted for punishment more than other groups

Question 21

Perceptual shorthand

Answer 21

Used by police officers to assist in the immediate identification of persons believed to pose danger or harm to society

Question 22

Culpability

Answer 22

Blame worthiness

Question 23

Legality

Answer 23

People must be given fair notice of what is expected of them before they can be punished for not having lived up to those expectations

Question 24

Void for vagueness

Answer 24

Government is prohibited from punishing someone if a criminal law is written too vaguely

Question 25

Bail

Answer 25

Financial or property based pledge to ensure that the accused will appear in court

Question 26

Fines

Answer 26

Financial penalties that are imposed after the accused has been found guilty of a crime

Question 27

Cruel and unusual punishment

Answer 27

Prohibited by the eighth amendment | Banning I humane punishments

Question 28

Proportionality

Answer 28

The punishment should fit the crime

Question 29

Five deprivations a prisoner faces

Answer 29

``` Liberty Goods and services Heterosexual relationships Individual autonomy Personal security ```

Question 30

Five justifications of punishment

Answer 30

``` Retribution Deterrence Rehabilitation Incapacitation Restitution ```

Question 31

Restitution

Answer 31

A justification for punishment that requires the offender to pay back the victim

Question 32

Jerome Skolnivk

Answer 32

Argued that police affixes develop a perpetual shorthand to identify persons believed to pose a threat to society