Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is disordered eating?
- Preoccupation over calories, grams, portions
- Preoccupation over weight loss or control of food
- Guilt, shame, and disgust are attached to foods
- Consistently eating for reasons other than hunger or true cravings
- Believing one’s own identity and self worth are based in size, weight or what one eats
Objective binge-eating episode vs subjective binge eating episode:
Objective binge eating episode: large amount of food + loss of control
Subjective binge eating episode: perceived overconsumption + loss of control, but the amount isn’t objectively excessive.
How do we assess ED’s
Eating Disorder Examination (EDE): structured clinical interview for diagnosing EDs with good reliability and validity
Medical examination
Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory: assesses eating pathology
Biological factors of EDs
- Genetic predisposition (50%)
- Alterations in the dopaminergic system make BED more sensitive to reward learning (vulnerability to binge eating)
- Hormonal changes during puberty
Socio-Cultural Factors of EDs
Factors:
1. Internalization of body image ideals
2. Racial preferences in body image ideals
Family-related factors of EDs
Factors increasing risk:
1. Children who’s mothers have a history of EDs; more related to the mother’s concerns abt their child
2. Children of mothers with low education & high exposure to stress
Personality/Individual factors of EDs
A range of personality traits are associated with EDs. Individuals with Ed’s often exhibit higher perfectionism, neuroticism, avoidance motivation, sensitivity to rewards etc
AN: high constraint, regidity
BN: high impulsivity and sensation-seeking
BED: avoidant and obsessive-compulsive traits
Trauma as a factor of EDs
Physical, emotional and sexual abuse are significantly associated with all EDs.
Risk factor vs Maintenance factor
Risk factor is a variable that predicts onset
Maintenance factor is a variable that maintains onset
Biological Treatments of EDs
Medications target NTs to regulate mood and appetite
Mostly for BN and BED
Cognitive Behavioural therapy for eating disorders (CBT-E)
Targets distorted thoughts and behaviours related to eating, weight and body image
Best treatment esp for BN and BED
Family-Based therapy (FBT) for EDs
Focuses on family involvement in recovery; parents manage eating behaviours
Most effective for adolescents with AN; strong long-term outcomes
Interpersonal Therapy for EDs
Focuses on interpersonal relationships and role transitions rather than eating behaviours directly
Effective for BN (tho slower than CBT-E)
What are the three types of prevention programs for EDs?
- Universal prevention programs (target general popl)
- Helps ppl resist harmful media messages abt body
- Selective prevention programs (target high-risk groups)
- Dissonance-based interventions which encourage ppl to critique the societal beauty standards
- Indicated prevention programs (targeting individuals with subclinical symptoms)
- CBT-based prevention programs
