Chapter 10 Flashcards
What does the central nervous system consist of ?
Brian and spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of ?
Neurons and nerves
What is the medical term for medical speciality of disorders of the nervous system ?
Neurology
What is the medical term for medical specialist in disorders of the nervous system ?
Neurologist
What does the R/CF neur/o mean ?
Nerve
What is the medical term for record of the electrical activity of the brain ?
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
What medical term means moving toward a center ?
Afferent
What medical term mean moving away from center ?
Efferent
What is the medical term for chronic brain disorder due to paroxysmal excessive neuronal discharges ?
Epilepsy
What is the medical term for a cord if never fibers bound together by connective tissue ?
Nerve
What are the 4 lobes ?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
What lobe is responsible for intellect, planning, problem solving, and the voluntary motor controls of muscle ?
Frontal lobe
What lobe receives and interprets sensory information, like spoken words ?
Parietal lobe
What lobe interprets sensory experiences ?
Temporal lobe
What lobe interprets visual images and written words ?
Occipital lobe
What is the medical term for the whole intergrated nerve apparatus ?
Nervous system
What is the medical term for mass of gray matter under the ventricle in each cerebral hemisphere ?
Thalamus
What is the medical term for an endocrine gland in the flor and wall of the third ventricle of the brain ?
Hypothalamus
What does the prefix hypo mean ?
Below
What does the root corpus mean ?
Body
What does the root Callos mean ?
Thickening
What is the medical term for bridge of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres ?
Corpus callosum
What is the medical term for the fluid formed in the ventricles of the brain; surrounds the brian and spinal cord ?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
What is the medical term for inflammation of the meningies ?
Meningitis
What is the most common form of dementia ?
Alzheimer’s disease
What is the medical term for chronic, progressive, irreversible loss of the mind’s cognitive and intellectual functions ?
Dementia
What does the root ment mean ?
Mind
What does the prefix de mean ?
Removal, without
What does LOC stand for ?
Loss of consciousness
What occurs when the epileptic activity is in one localized area of the brain only, causing, for example, involuntary jerking movements of a single limb ?
Partial seizures
What is previously known as “petit mal” which begin between ages 5 and 10. The child states vacantly for a few seconds and may be accused of daydreaming ?
Absence seizures
What is previously called “grand mal” which are dramatic. The person experiences LOC, breathing stops, the eyes roll up, and the jaw is clenched. The tonic phase lasts 30 to 60 seconds. It is followed by the “clonic” phase, in which the whole body shakes with a series of violent, rhythmic jerking of the limbs. The seizures last for a couple of minutes and then consciousness returns ?
Tonic-clonic seizures
What are triggered by a fever in infants and toddlers aged 6 months to 5 years. Very few of these children go on to develop epilepsy ?
Febrile seizures
What is considered to be a medical emergency. It is defined as having one continuous seizure it recurrent seizures without regaining consciousness for 30 minutes or more ?
Status epilepticus
What is other tic disorders that are characterized by episodes of involuntary, rapid, repetitive, fixed movements of individual muscle groups in the face or the limbs. They are associated with meaningless vocal sounds or meaningful words and phrases. The tics may be genetic ?
Tourette syndrome
What is the medial term for involuntary falling asleep ?
Narcolepsy
What is the medical term for transient neurological deficit after a seizure ?
Postictal
What is a stoke also know as ?
CVA ( Cerebrovascular accident )
What does CVA stand for ?
Cerebrovascular accident
What does TIA stand for ?
Transient ischemic attack
What is the medical term for plaque in the wall of a cerebral artery ?
Atherosclerosis
What is the medical term for a blood clot in a cerebral artery originating from elsewhere in the body ?
Embolism
What are small, short term strokes with symptoms lasting for less than 24 hours ?
Transient ischemic attacks
What is the medical term for temporary loss of consciousness and postural tone due to diminished cerebral blood flow ? ( fainting or passing out )
Syncope
What produces a rapid deterioration of mental function, with difficulty in muscle movement coordination. Some cases are linked to consumption of beef from cattle with mad cow ?
Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (CJD)
What is a range of complex developmental disorders characterized by communication difficulties, impaired social interactions, and rigid or repetitive patterns of behavior ?
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
What is the medical term for inflammation of brain cells and tissues ?
Encephalitis
What is the medical term for disease if muscular rigidity, tremors, and a mask like facial expression ?
Parkinson’s disease
What results from any one of many types of injuries to the head, from a bad fall on a hard surface to a car accident to war injuries ?
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
What is a type of TBI produced when a baby is violently shaken ?
Shaken Abby syndrome (SBS)
What is the medical term for mild brain injury ?
Concussion
What is the medical term for process of losing the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber ?
Demyelination
What is the medical term for a disorder of perception and behavior with loss of reality ?
Schizophrenia
What is the medical term for science concerned with the behavior of the human mind ?
Psychology
What is the medical term for diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders ?
Psychiatry
What is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “a state of wellbeing on which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stress of life, can work productively, and is able to make a contribution to the community ?
Mental health
What is the medical term for pathological fear or dread ?
Phobia
What is the medical term for pathological fear of heights ?
Acrophobia
What is the medical term for pathological fear of being trapped in a public place ?
Agoraphobia
What is the medical term for distress caused by fear ?
Anxiety
What is the medical term for a mood disorder with alternating episodes of depression and mania ?
Bipolar disorder
What is the medical term for pathological fear of being trapped in a confined space ?
Claustrophobia
What is the medical term for mental disorder with feelings of deep sadness and despair ?
Depression
What does the suffix phobia mean ?
Fear
What consists of uncontrollable anxiety not focused on one situation or event that has lasted for six months or more. People with the disorder develop physical fear reactions, including palpitations, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, and irritability?
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
What affects about 7.7 million American adults. It arises after significant trauma, such as a life-threatening incident, loss of a loved one, abuse, torture or combat in war, or a high level of stress in dailv life. Symptoms include flashbacks of the traumatic event, nightmares, intense physical reactions to reminders of the event, feeling ?
Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
What is the medical term for most patients who have both obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, fears, doubts, images, or impulses.Compulsions are recurrent, irresistible impulses to perform actions such as counting, hand washing, checking, and systematically arranging things?
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)
What has episodes of depression that occur in the fall and winter months. It appears to be related to a lack of sunshine causing increased melatonin production by the pineal gland. It can be helped by phototherapy with bright white fluorescent lights and by antidepressant medications ?
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Describe people who are absorbed with themselves, untrusting, and fearful of closeness with others ?
Schizoid or paranoid personality disorder
What is a frequent diagnosis in people who are impulsive, unstable in mood, and manipulative. They can be exciting, charming, and friendly one moment and angry, irritable, and sarcastic the next. Their identity is fragile and insecure, their self-worth low. They can be promiscuous and self-destructive; for example, with self-mutilation (self-injury) or suicide. People with narcissistic personality disorder have an exaggerated sense of self-importance and seek constant attention?
Borderline personality disorder (BPD)
What is used interchangeably with the terms sociopath and psychopath, describes people who lie, cheat, steal, and have no sense of responsibility and no anxiety or guilt about their behavior. Psychopaths have these characteristics but tend to be more violent and anger easily?
Antisocial personality disorder
What is the medical term for uncontrollable need to steal ?
Kleptomania
What is the medical term for morbid impulse to set fires ?
Pyromania
What medical term is characterized by the repeated urge to pull out one’s own scalp, beard, pubic, and other body hair ?
Trichotillomania
What involves an inability to resist an impulse to perform an action that is harmful to the individual or others ?
Impulse control disorder
