Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is Tulvings 1985 definition of memory?
the capacity that permits organisms to benefit from past experiences
What are the 3 components of memory?
- Sensory register 2. Short term memory 3. Long term memory
How is Working Memory defined?
memory system that is involved in all situations requiring temporary use and storage information
What are the 4 structures of working memory?
- Phonological Loop
2.Visuospatial Sketchpad
3.Central Executive
4.Episodic Buffer
What does working memory enable?
It enables us to respond to the demands of right now
How long does working memory last?
It can last up to 20-30 sec depending on the type of info and condition; magic number is +/- 7
Chunking
Can be used to increase duration and capacity of working memory; 4 chunks
What is Long Term Memory?
It serves as permanent storage of info to allow people to have info about specific past events as well as general knowledge; duration& capacity unknown
What are the 3 Types of Long Term Memory?
- Procedural
2.Semantic
3.Episodic
Declarative Knowledge
- It is explicit
- Can be verbalized
How is Procedural different from Declarative?
- Implicit
- Typically not verbalized
- One must actually perform
What are the 3 causes of forgetting?
- Trace Decay
2.Proactive Interference
3.Retroactive
What are the 2 types of Explicit Memory Test?
1.Recall test
a. Fill in the blank or essay
2.Recognition test
b. Multiple choice or matching test
What is encoding?
process of transforming to be remembered information into a form that can be stored in memory
Rehearsal
transfer from working to long term
What is Procedural Long Term Memory?
It stores info about how to do something
What is Semantic Long Term Memory?
It stores our general knowledge about the world based on past experiences
What is Episodic Long Term Memory?
It stores our knowledge about personally experienced events
What is Trace Decay?
forgetting with time
What is Proactive Interference?
activity occurs prior to the presentation of information to be remembered
What is Retroactive?
cause of forgetting because of activity occurring during retention interval
