CHAPTER 10 Flashcards
factors affecting nutrition of elders:
illness- _______, nutrient _____________, medications
appetite
absorption
factors affecting nutrition of elders:
____ income/ income ______
low
changes
factors affecting nutrition of elders:
death of ______
spouse
appetite changes with grief/ _______
loneliness
factors affecting nutrition of elders:
physical changes:
______ & ________ changes affecting appetite
taste
smell
_______ problems with dental issues
chewing
______ absorption of nutrients with age changes
less
less able to get out to _______ for food
shop
harder to prepare for
one
the other spouse may have been ________ cook
primary
less able to ___ to cook, _____ recipes, labels
see
read
______ calories needed
fewer
how many calories per day?
1200-1600
_____ is the most essential element in the body
water
over ____ nutrients play a role in health
40
caloric requirement ______ with age
diminish
elders have _____ body water
less
elders have a higher chance of
dehydration
proportion of body fat
increases
muscle mass
decreases
how many quarts does a healthy elder need
1 1/2-2
how many grams of protein for women 50+
46
how many grams of protein for men 50+
56 grams
protein needs are increased in times of ______ or during _____
stress
recovery
carbohydrates
simple & complex
complex carbs
beans, potatoes, grains
simple carbs
sugar
cholesterol is only in _____ products, our ____ makes what it needs
animal
liver
no more than ___ % of calories should be from fats
30
fiber in grams for men 50+
30
fiber in grams for women 50+
21
fiber is the _______ part of the plant
indigestible
soluble fiber
oats, beans
helps with heart disease
insoluble fiber helps with
constipation
fiber lowers ________ level
cholesterol
fiber stabilizes blood _______ levels
glucose
fiber decreases risk of
diverticulosis
diabetes
heart disease
cancer
dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing
physiological factors
disability from chronic illness, dental problems, food intolerances
psychological factors
emotional states
educational factors
may not know nutritional information or may not be able to read
economic factors
money for food
living arrangements
living alone, transportation, mobility
cultural attitudes and behaviors
generational behaviors
environmental factors
available community nutrition programs, distance from shopping, transportation, geographical location, climate, cooking or refrigeration facilities available
oral and dental problems can be associated with
poor nutrition
federal regulations require a _________ screening when elders use home-health services, hospitals or nursing homes
nutritional
elders do best with support from _______ & __________
friends
family
must understand ________ differences to give good education
cultural
the administration on ______ funds to help pay for _______ programs
aging
nutrition
congregate meal programs are ________ based, directed to elders who are ______ to leave home and _______ is provided to the site.
community
unable
transportation
in-home programs (meals on wheels) are for ________ elders
homebound
vitamin A aids in:
vision
skin
mucous membrane functions
vitamin A is found in:
oranges
yellow fruits
veggies
(apricots, cantaloupes, sweet potatoes, carrots)
upper limit of vitamin A is _____ micrograms
3,000
how many micrograms of Vitamin A for men 50+?
900
how many micrograms of vitamin A for women 50+?
700
plays role in cell production
vitamin b complex
vitamin b complex breaks down ______, fat, and _______
proteins
carbs
vitamin b complex is found in a lot of _________ and ______ foods
cereals
fortified
cell structure, antioxidant & absorption of iron and calcium
vitamin c
vitamin c is found in ______ fruits
citrus
foods w/ vitamin c
watermelon
brussel sprouts
broccoli
how many mg of vitamin c for men 50+
90
how many mg of vitamin c for women 50+?
75
vitamin d is not a vitamin but a :
hormone
vitamin d is found in _____ and oily _____
sunlight
fish
cod
salmon
tuna
sardines
mackerel
fish with vitamin d
vitamin d in micrograms for 50+
10
vitamin d in micrograms for 70+
15
sunlight: ___-20 minutes 2-___ times a week
15
3
vitamin e prevents and repairs ______ ______ ________ to cells
free radical damage
vitamin e is found in
vegetable oils
RDA regarding vitamin e for ALL
15 milligrams
vitamin K promotes blood ________
clotting
vitamin k is found in
leafy green vegetables
vitamin k micrograms for men
120
vitamin k micrograms for women
90
calcium aids in ____ formation, blood ______, _____ beat regulation, _____ contraction, and ______ function
bone
clotting
heart
muscle
neuron
calcium is found in _____ products, ______, and _______ greens
dairy
sardines
collard
50+ _____ milligrams of calcium
1200
chlorine maintains the ____ base and _____ balance in the body
acid
fluid
chlorine is most consumed in the form of ______
salt
50+ ____ grams of chlorine
70+ _____ grams of chlorine
2
1.8
chromium enables cells to use ______ from the bloodstream when _____ is present
glucose
insulin
chromium is found in
molasses
potatoes
wheat germ
whole grains
mushrooms
50+ micrograms of chromium needed for men
30
50+ micrograms of chromium needed for women
20
copper helps transport ______ from lungs to body ______.
oxygen
tissues
copper is found in
shellfish
nuts
cocoa
dried beans
mushrooms
whole grains
RDA for everyone regarding copper
900 micrograms
iodine helps make _____ hormone to regulate ______ rate
thyroid
metabolic
iodine is added to _____ so ___________ are not commonly seen in the US
salt
deficiencies
RDA for iodine
150 micrograms
iron deficiency
anemia
hemoglobin & more
iron
iron is found in
liver dried beans
raisins
prunes
shellfish
some meats
RDA for iron 50+
8 milligrams
magnesium is required for every major ________ process
biological
________ & ___ is common in elders
magnesium
iron
magnesium is found in
whole grain cereals
some beans
almonds
spinach
RDA over 30 for men (magnesium)
420 milligrams
RDA over 30 for women (magnesium)
320 milligrams
phosphorus is crucial for every reaction that ________ or ____ energy
releases
uses
phosphorus is found in ____ meats, and many _____ drinks
red
soft
rda for phosphorus
700 milligrams
potassium aids in ______ conduction, ________ contraction, ________ of heart beat, body ______, and balance.
nerve
muscle
regulation
fluid
methods for studying diets
food records
dietary histories
two most common nutritional problems for american elders
over nutrition
under nutrition
more than ____% of americans are overweight/obese
50
obese people may also be
malnourished
malnutrition
inadequate intake of energy-rich foods
malnourished people use body _____ for energy, have ______ metabolic rate, and ______ function of immune system
tissues
slower
reduced
elders are often malnourished due to difficulty ______, shopping and ________ food. They are also _______ and lack ________.
eating
preparing
isolated
appetite
elders have ______ nutrition requirements
higher
unintentional weight loss could be tied to many health issues - _______, mental, oral, ________
physical
social
_______ situation & __________ foods can help elders w a lack of appetite
social
favorite
