Chapter 1 What Is Nutrition? Flashcards
What are the six classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins minerals and water.
What are nutrients?
Fuel from food in the form of chemical compounds.
What are phytochemicals ?
Non nutrient compounds in foods that help maintain and repair your body in order to keep it healthy. Also can be found in plant foods that may play a role in fighting chronic diseases.
What are kilocalories?
The measurement of energy in foods. Commonly referred to as calories.
What are some concepts that drive food choices?
Taste and culture. Social reasons and trends. Cost, time, inconvenience. Habits and emotions.
What are macronutrients?
The energy containing essential nutrients that you need in higher amounts: carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
What are micronutrients?
Essential nutrients that you need in smaller amounts: vitamins and minerals.
What are carbohydrates?
An energy providing nutrient that provides 4 kcal/g. A major source to fuel your body taken from the simple sugar called glucose. Contains the element carbon, hydrogen & oxygen.
What are proteins?
Mainly used to build and maintain tissues, muscles & organs. Provides 4 kcals/g. Makes some hormones to help transport other nutrients. Contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen & nitrogen.
What are fats (lipids)?
Another major fuel source providing 9 kcals/g. Also help cushion your organs and act as an insulation under your skin to help maintain your body temperature. Contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
What are vitamins?
Organic compounds that usually have to be obtained from foods. The body is able to make only enough, where the diet has to supplement the body’s effort. Also aids enzymes. Energy producer.
What are minerals?
Inorganic compounds that play a role in body processes. Also aid enzymes. Energy producer.
What is the function of water?
Vital to many key body functions. Part of the fluid medium inside & outside the cells. A key role in transporting vital nutrients & oxygen to and removing waste products. Lubricant for eyes, joints mouth and intestinal tract. Protective cushion for organs. Also, helps chemical reactions involving in the production of energy.
What is the quality of the American diet?
Stemming problems of American diet: too high in sugar, sodium , saturated fats & calories.
Too low in fiber, vitamin E and calcium.
What are the healthy people 2020’s objectives?
- attain high quality longer lives free of preventable diseases, disability, injury & premature death.
- achieve health equity, eliminate disparities & improve health of all groups.
- create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
