Chapter 1 Waller Flashcards
How old was Louis and MA when married
Louis= 15 Marie = 14
Where is MA from
Austria
What year did Louis ascend the throne
1774
Was Louis supposed to become king
No
It shld have been his older brother
His father never got to rule either Bcos he died
Two of MAs nicknames
Madame Déficit
L’autrichienne
Little farm example
She had a petit Hameau built in 1782-83 so she could play farmer
How many children did MA and l have and died
4
2 died pre rev naturally
1 died inprisoned
The other survived
What was a lettre de cachet
A letter bearing the royal seal or cachet by which the king could order imprisonment without trial
What 3 councils was the king present for
The conseil d’Etat
Conseil des Dépêches
Conseil Royal des finances
Who appointed intendants
The king
Role of intendants
Feed back info
Ensured taxes were paid
Raised troops
Request lettres de cachet
Restrictions of intendamts
If they wanted to act they needed to obtain an order from the King’s council
Couldn’t rely on central gov to back them up
Some roles overlapped with other officials / were challenged by long established institutions
What wre Pays d’états
Had privilege of negotiating taxation directly with the crown and paying lump sum to king
How many pays de tear
6
How did officers who served In municipal administration and other local positions get their jobs
They bought their positions under the system of venality and were fiercely defensive of their rights
In rural areas who had a a lot of influence
Seigneurs
WHAT were seigneurs
Rural landowners
Seigneurs had their very own
Courts
Which they ran
What is venality
Custom of selling administrative offices
Comment practised to augment royal income
By 1700s how many venal offices were there
70,000
The 70,000 venal offices comprised of
Entire judiciary
Most of legal profession
Officers in the army
Parlaments were … courts
Sovereign
What did the parlamenta control
Guilds corporations markets local gov finances
Law n order
How could parlamenta criticse decrees and force king to rethink
With a remonstrance
Remonstrance could be overridden
Lit de justice
Each parlement had 12 magistrTes who all ? Their positions
Bought
Tensions between parlements and king as
I’m 18th c Paris parl had blocked series of Royal reforms and Louis XV tried to abolish parlements altogether
What did Louis do with parlements upon ascension
Restored them to their previous status
Population of France by 1780s
27 million
In the 1870s how many million engaged in some from of agriculture
21 million out of 27 million engaged in some form of agriculture
1st estate had how many members
150,000
2nd estate number of ppl
200,000-400,000
What did the clergy control
Education
Censorship
What was the pulpit used for
Conveying messages and news of new laws / decrees to the people
WHAT tax was church payed
The tithe
How much was the tithe
1/10 of income
What percentage of French land did the clergy own
10%
Clergy weren’t required to pay the
Taille
Instead of taille what did church pay
Don gratuit
Members of the church could be
Prosecuted in their own church courts
WHAT couldn’t be asked of church
Performing military service
Nor provide money for Royal troops
