Chapter 1 Vocabulary

Question 0

Element

Answer 0

Matter that is composed of only one kind of atom

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 2

Chemical compound

Answer 2

Multiple elements combined through a chemical change

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristic chemical properties of that element

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

The smallest unit of a compound that retains the composition and properties of that compound

Question 5

Mass

Answer 5

A measure of the quantity of matter in a body

Question 6

Density

Answer 6

The ratio of the mass of an object to its volume

Question 7

Temperature

Answer 7

Measures of the average motion of the particles in a sample

Question 8

Celcius

Answer 8

A temperature scale defined by the freezing and boiling point of pure water defined as 0°C and 100°C

Question 9

Kelvin

Answer 9

A temperature scale in which the unit is the same size as the Celsius degree but the zero point is the lowest possible temperature

Question 10

Solvent

Answer 10

The medium in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

Question 11

Solute

Answer 11

The substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution

Question 12

Solution

Answer 12

A homogenous mixture

Question 13

Solubility

Answer 13

The concentration of solute in equilibrium with undissolved solute in a saturated solution

Question 14

Melting point

Answer 14

The temperature at which the crystal lattice of a solid collapses and solid is converted to liquid

Question 15

Freezing point

Answer 15

The temperature at which a liquid converts to a solid

Question 16

Boiling point

Answer 16

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure on the liquid

Question 17

State of matter

Answer 17

Whether a substance is a solid, liquid, or gas

Question 18

Physical properties

Answer 18

Properties which can be observed and measured without changing the composition of a substance

Question 19

Extensive properties

Answer 19

Properties that depend on the amount of a substance present

Question 20

Intensive properties

Answer 20

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance

Question 21

Heat

Answer 21

The kinetic energy or motion in a sample that can only flow from hot to cold

Question 22

Specific heat

Answer 22

The rate at which energy can be transferred through the object

Question 23

Volume

Answer 23

The amount of space a substance occupies

Question 24

Weight

Answer 24

A body’s relative mass or the amount of matter contained by it, giving rise to a downward force

Question 25

Brittleness

Answer 25

How easily a substance can break when subjected to pressure

Question 26

Hardness

Answer 26

The relative resistance of a mineral to scratching

Question 27

Malleability

Answer 27

How easily a substance can be deformed without breaking

Question 28

Luster

Answer 28

The amount of light that is reflected off of a substance/how shiny it is

Question 29

Elasticity

Answer 29

The ability of an object to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed

Question 30

Ductile

Answer 30

How easily a solid can be drawn into a wire

Question 31

Conductivity

Answer 31

How easily a substance can conduct electricity or heat

Question 32

Properties of matter

Answer 32

All of the given properties of a substance

Question 33

Chemical properties

Answer 33

A property that involves a change in identity of a substance

Question 34

Metallic properties

Answer 34

Properties of being malleable, lustrous, ductile, and conductive

Question 35

Non metallic properties

Answer 35

The properties of being dull, brittle, insulators, and nonconductive