Chapter 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

Anatomy:

Answer 1

The study of the structure of living organisms

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of the function of living organisms

Question 3

Palpation

Answer 3

Physical exam of the body by feeling organs with hands

Question 4

Auscultation

Answer 4

Listening to the sounds of organs via stethoscope

Question 5

Atoms

Answer 5

The basic unit of a chemical element

Question 6

Molecules

Answer 6

2 or more atoms connected by chemical bonds

Question 7

Organelles

Answer 7

Subcellular structures that perform functions for the entire cell

Question 8

Cell

Answer 8

The building block for all life forms

Question 9

Tissue

Answer 9

A group of cells that have a similar structure and function together as a unit

Question 10

Organ

Answer 10

Formed of two or more tissues and adapted to carry out a specific function

Question 11

Organ System

Answer 11

A group of organs that work together to form a vital body function

Question 12

Organism

Answer 12

An individual life form

Question 13

Movement

Answer 13

The change of position in one or more joints of the body

Question 14

Contractility

Answer 14

The muscle cell’s ability to move by shortening

Question 15

Responsiveness or Excitability

Answer 15

The ability to respond to stimuli

Question 16

Digestion

Answer 16

A series of catabolic steps in which food molecules are broken down into their building blocks by enzymes

Question 17

Metabolism

Answer 17

Sum total of the chemical reactions occurring within the body cells

Question 18

Catabolism

Answer 18

The process in which living cells break down substances into simpler ones

Question 19

Anabolism

Answer 19

The energy-requiring phase of metabolism where simpler substances are combined to form more complex substances

Question 20

Cellular Respiration

Answer 20

Metabolic processes in which ATP is produced

Question 21

Organismal Reproduction

Answer 21

The production of offspring

Question 22

Growth

Answer 22

The process of increasing in size

Question 23

Nutrients

Answer 23

Chemical substances taken in via the diet that are used for energy and cell building

Question 24

Atmospheric Pressure

Answer 24

Force that air exerts on the surface of the body

Question 25

Homeostasis

Answer 25

Self regulating process by which an organism can maintain internal stability whilst adjusting to changing external conditions

Question 26

Variable

Answer 26

The factor or event being regulated

Question 27

Homeostatic Imbalance

Answer 27

A disturbance that unstabilizes the internal environment of the body

Question 28

Anatomical Position

Answer 28

Standing upright, arms at the sides and palms forward

Question 29

Pleurisy

Answer 29

Inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest that leads to chest pain when one takes a breath or coughs

Question 30

Peritonitis

Answer 30

Inflammation of the peritoneum